Careers Medicine Information Provided By: Georgia Statewide Area Health Education Center (AHEC) PowerPoint Presentation By: Juliane Monko & Dr. Frank Flanders CTAE Resource Network, June 2009 Based On PowerPoint Ideas From: Penny Howard, RN, Healthcare Science Instructor

AHECAHEC There are six centers in the Georgia AHEC Network, and each serves a multi-county region. The AHEC mission is to meet the health needs of Georgia by improving the supply, distribution and quality of healthcare providers. AHECs offer enrichment programs, camps, learning tools, student counseling, volunteer and mentoring activity coordination, and access to other educational resources. Contact your regional AHEC for more information.

Objectives Students will be able to describe health careers in the field of Medicine. Students will be able to plan a healthcare career path in Medicine.

Careers in Medicine Chiropractor Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Physician Assistant

Chiropractor

Chiropractors consider the central nervous system the key to maintaining good health. When the nervous system does not function properly, the human body is out of balance and may appear sick or in pain.

Chiropractor Doctors of Chiropractic (DC) take medical histories, perform physical, orthopedic, and neurological examinations, and may order laboratory tests. When a diagnosis involves the spinal column or joints of the extremities, chiropractors make adjustments using their hands or instruments. They do not prescribe drugs and do not perform surgery.

Work Environment Salary Athletics Chiropractic schools Health maintenance organizations Hospitals Private practice Wellness organizations Average Starting Salary $43,833  Figures according to 2006 data. To see updated figures, visit the SOWEGA-AHEC website at: Chiropractor

Chiropractor Academic Requirements All chiropractic colleges require applicants to have completed three years of college and some require a bachelor's degree. Chiropractic colleges entail three to four years of study.

Doctor of Medicine

Physicians perform medical examinations, take histories, request lab studies, and order x-rays to diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries. Also known as allopathic physicians and MDs, they are licensed to perform surgery and prescribe medications.

Doctor of Medicine Other physicians work in research to find new ways to diagnose, control, and cure diseases. Physicians with their own practices must also oversee personnel, payroll, billing and other business related functions.

Allergy and Immunology Anesthesiology Colon and Rectal Surgery Dermatology Emergency Medicine Family Practice Internal Medicine Medical Genetics Neurological Surgery Nuclear Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Ophthalmology Orthopaedic Surgery Areas of Specialization Otolaryngology Pathology Pediatrics Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Plastic Surgery Preventive Medicine Psychiatry and Neurology Radiology Surgery Thoracic Surgery Urology Doctor of Medicine

Work Environment Salary Community health centers Health maintenance organizations HIV/AIDS clinics Hospitals Indian Health Service Medical schools Military Prisons Private practices Public health departments Research facilities Substance abuse treatment centers Urgent care centers Veterans' affairs Average Starting Salary $110,600- $162,700 (primary care physician)  Figures according to 2006 data. To see updated figures, visit the SOWEGA-AHEC website at: Doctor of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine Academic Requirements A four-year undergraduate degree emphasizing the sciences and liberal arts is required to enter medical school. Some medical schools have early admissions programs, which allow more flexibility in course scheduling during the last two years of college. Medical schools also require applicants to take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT).

Doctor of Medicine Academic Requirements Four years of medical school is required after receiving a bachelor’s degree. Some schools offer combined bachelor’s and medical degrees; training lasts from six to eight years. Students are accepted into this type of program directly from high school. Physicians undergo graduate medical training after completion of medical school. This is called a residency program and lasts from three to five years.

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine

A doctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) performs medical examinations, orders x-rays and laboratory studies, performs surgery and prescribes medications to diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries. They are also known as osteopathic physicians. They emphasize the importance of prevention, diet, exercise, and environment in staying well, and the role that the musculoskeletal system (nerves, joints, muscles, and bones) plays in disease, illness, and injury.

Work Environment Salary Community health centers Educational institutions Health maintenance organizations HIV/AIDS clinics Hospitals Military Private practices Public health departments Research facilities Substance abuse treatment centers Urgent care centers Average Starting Salary $110,660 - $167,700  Figures according to 2006 data. To see updated figures, visit the SOWEGA-AHEC website at: Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Academic Requirements A four-year undergraduate degree emphasizing the sciences and liberal arts is required to enter a school of osteopathic medicine. Osteopathic students must also take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) during college.

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Academic Requirements Osteopathic medical schools require four years of study beyond a bachelor’s degree. DOs then complete a one-year internship covering internal medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, family practice, pediatrics, and surgery. They may choose a specialty and serve in a residency program from two to six years.

Doctor of Podiatric Medicine

Doctors of podiatric medicine (DPMs), also called podiatrists, are trained to diagnose and treat disorders and disease of the foot and lower leg. These physicians can prescribe drugs, admit patients to hospitals, order physical therapy, and perform surgery.

Work Environment Salary Community health departments Health maintenance organizations Health professions schools Hospitals Long-term care facilities Military Private or group practices U.S. Public Health Service Average Starting Salary $80,303  Figures according to 2006 data. To see updated figures, visit the SOWEGA-AHEC website at: Doctor of Podiatric Medicine

Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Academic Requirements Colleges of podiatric medicine require applicants to take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) and apply for admission through the American Association of Podiatric Medicine. Programs require four years of study, which includes classes in anatomy, chemistry, pharmacology and pathology.

Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Academic Requirements Students work at clinical sites under the supervision of certified physicians and podiatrists. Graduates receive a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) degree. Graduates then complete residency programs of two to three years.

Physician Assistant

Physician assistant (PA) provides both acute and routine health care for patients of all ages. PAs practice medicine under the supervision of a physician, but can also perform independently in a variety of settings as well as work closely with their supervising physician in specialty care areas such as surgery. PAs perform activities such as taking medical history, giving injections, treating wounds and counseling patients.

Work Environment Salary Clinics Community health centers Health maintenance organizations Hospitals Medical colleges Military Nursing homes Pain management centers Physicians' offices Prisons Research Student health services Trauma centers Physician Assistant Average Starting Salary $68,096  Figures according to 2006 data. To see updated figures, visit the SOWEGA-AHEC website at:

Physician Assistant Academic Requirements Most schools require a bachelor's degree and previous health care experience for entrance into a physician assistant program. A master's degree is the entry level education standard for the profession.

Physician Assistant Academic Requirements The program includes two years of classroom and laboratory instruction and clinical rotations in internal medicine, family medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics/ gynecology, emergency medicine, and geriatric medicine. Graduation from a program accredited by the Accreditation Review Commission of Education for the Physician Assistant (ARC-PA) is required.

Summary There are a variety of careers available in Medicine. Educational requirements vary by career and career level. Students interested in these careers should use the information provided here as a basis for a career plan. The student should also research the career further to complete a career plan. Career available in Medicine include: Chiropractor Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Physician Assistant