Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Lecture 00 of 42 Friday, 18 January 2008 William H. Hsu Department of Computing and Information Sciences, KSU KSOL course pages: / Course web site: Instructor home page: Reading for Next Class: Syllabus and Course Intro Chapter 1, Eberly (2006) 3D Game Engine Design, 2 e (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Course Organization and Survey

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Lecture Outline Course Information: Format, Exams, Resources, Assignments, Grading Overview  Topics covered  What is computer graphics?  Applications Brief Tour of Computer Graphics  A case study and some demos  Survey of rendering and animation systems  Applications to computer-aided design (CAD), manufacturing (CAM), and engineering (CAE) Brief Tour of Visualization Systems  Information, data, and scientific visualization  Focus on informational graphics

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Course Administration Course Pages (KSOL): / Class Web Page: Instructional Addresses – Best Way to Reach Instructor  (always use this to reach instructor and TA)  (everyone; substitute 636 for 736 for Intro to CG) Instructor: William Hsu, Nichols 213  Office phone: ; home phone:  IM: AIM/MSN/YIM hsuwh/rizanabsith, ICQ / , Google banazir  Office hours: after class Mon/Wed/Fri; other times by appointment Graduate Teaching Assistant: Jing Xia  Office location: Nichols 213a  Office hours: to be announced on class web board Grading Policy  Hour exams: 10% each (in-class, with notes); final (open-book): 25%  Machine problems, problem sets (6 of 8): 18%; term project: 20%  Paper reviews (2): 4%; class participation: 6% (HW, Q&A); labs 7%

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Class Resources Course Content Management System (CMS)   Lecture notes (MS PowerPoint , PDF)  Homeworks (MS PowerPoint , PDF)  Exam and homework solutions (MS PowerPoint , PDF)  Class announcements (students’ responsibility) and grade postings Course Notes at Copy Center (Required) Mailing List (Automatic):  Homework/exams (before uploading to CMS, KSOL), sample data, solutions  Class participation  Project info, course calendar reminders  Dated research announcements (seminars, conferences, calls for papers) LISTSERV Web Archive   Stores s to class mailing list as browsable/searchable posts

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Course Overview Graphics Systems and Techniques  Main emphasis: shaders, lighting, mappings (textures, etc.) in OpenGL  Photorealistic rendering and animation (Maya 2008, Blender; Ogre)  2-D, 3-D models: curves, surfaces, visible surface identification, illumination  Special topics: global illumination (ray tracing, radiosity), particle systems, fractals, scientific visualization (sciviz) and information visualization (infoviz) Operations  Surface modeling, mapping  Pipelines for display, transformation, illumination, animation Computer Graphics (CG): Duality with Computer Vision Visualization and User Interfaces Applications  CAD/CAM/CAE: object transformations, surface/solid modeling, animation  Entertainment: 3-D games, photorealistic animation, etc.  Analysis: info visualization, decision support, intelligent displays

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Why Computer Graphics? Developing Computational Capability  Rendering: synthesizing realistic-looking, useful, or interesting images  Animation: creating visual impression of motion  Image processing: analyzing, transforming, displaying images efficiently Better Understanding of Data, Objects, Processes through Visualization  Visual summarization, description, manipulation  Virtual environments (VR), visual monitoring, interactivity  Human-computer intelligent interaction (HCII): training, tutoring, analysis, control systems Time is Right  Recent progress in algorithms and theory  Rapidly emergence of new I/O (display and data acquisition) technologies  Available computational power, improving price-performance-ratio of hardware  Growth and interest of graphics industries (e.g., games, entertainment, computer-aided design, visualization in science and business)

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Image Synthesis Pipeline Graphics Database Editing Graphics Database Modeling Transformation Viewing Operation Display Traversal Visible-Surface Determination Scan Conversion Shading / Illumination Image Front-End (Geometry Processing) Back-End (Rasterization)

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Hypermedia User Interfaces Hypermedia  Database format (similar to hypertext)  Provides display-based access to (internetworked) multimedia (text, image, audio, video, etc.) documents Virtual Environments  Immersion: interactive training, tutoring systems  Entertainment hypermedia Visualization and Computer-Aided Design and Engineering (CAD/CAE)  Visualization: scientific, data/information, statistics  User interfaces for CAD/CAE/CAM/CASE NCSA Data to Knowledge (D2K) & Text to Knowledge (T2K): Visual programming systems for high-performance knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) © 2004 National Center for Supercomputing Applications

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Analytic Geometry Art and Graphic Design Cognitive Science Computer Engineering Engineering Design Education Film Human Factors Linear Algebra Numerical Analysis Relevant Topic Areas Computer Graphics (CG) Parametric Equations Conics Polygon Rendering Layout CG Design Visualization Rendering Hardware VR Systems Portable/Embedded CG Color/Optical Models CG/Vision Duality Interface Design CAD CAE / CASE CAM Immersive Training Tutoring Interfaces Animation Large-Scale CG User Modeling Ergonomic Interfaces, I/O Transformations Change of Coordinate Systems Surface Modeling Physically-Based Modeling Stat/Info Visualization

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Curve and Surface Modeling in Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Computer-Generated Animation (CGA) Wall-E © 2008 Disney/Pixar Kung-Fu Panda © 2008 DreamWorks Animation SKG Meet the Robinsons © 2007 Disney/Pixar Shrek (2001) Shrek 2 (2004) Shrek the Third (2007) © DreamWorks Animation SKG Toy Story (1995) Toy Story 2 (1999) Toy Story 3 (2010) © Disney/Pixar Happy Feet © 2006 Warner Brothers Ratattouille © 2007 Disney/Pixar Luxo Jr. © 1986 Pixar Animation Studios

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Fractal Systems

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Information Visualization Visible Decisions SeeIT © 1999 VDIhttp://

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Design Choices and Issues in Computer Graphics Completed Design Determine Display Objective Visualize Physical Objects Monitor Process Interactively Analyze Data / Documents Determine Objectives of Graphics System Entertainment Decision Support Education Control Interface Determine and Implement Rendering Pipeline Shaded-Polygon Rendering Ray Tracing Radiosity and Polygon Shading Determine Representations In Graphics Database Solid Geometric Model Wireframe / Polygon Mesh NURBS Fractal System

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Math Review for CIS 636 Overview: First Month (Weeks 2-5 of Course)  Review of mathematical foundations of CG: analytic geometry, linear algebra  Line and polygon rendering  Matrix transformations  Graphical interfaces Line and Polygon Rendering (Week 3)  Basic line drawing and 2-D clipping  Bresenham’s algorithm  Follow-up: 3-D clipping, z-buffering (painter’s algorithm) Matrix Transformations (Week 4)  Application of linear transformations to rendering  Basic operations: translation, rotation, scaling, shearing  Follow-up: review of standard graphics libraries (e.g., OpenGL) Graphical Interfaces  Brief overview  Survey of windowing environments (MFC, Java AWT)

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Online Recorded Lectures for CIS 636 Introduction to Computer Graphics Project Topics for CIS 636 Computer Graphics Basics (8)  1. Mathematical Foundations – week of Mon 21 Jan 2008  2. Rasterizing and 2-D Clipping – week of Mon 28 Jan 2008  3. OpenGL Primer 1 of 3 – week of Mon 28 Jan 2008  4. Detailed Introduction to 3-D Viewing – week of Mon 04 Feb 2008  5. OpenGL Primer 2 of 3 – week of Mon 11 Feb 2008  6. Polygon Rendering – week of Mon 18 Feb 2008  7. OpenGL Primer 3 of 3 – week of Mon 03 Mar 2008  8. Visible Surface Determination – week of Mon 10 Mar 2008 Recommended Background Reading for CIS 636 Shared Lectures with CIS 736 (Computer Graphics)  Regular in-class lectures (35) and labs (7)  Guidelines for paper reviews – week of Mon 25 Feb 2008  Preparing term project presentations and demos for graphics – April

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Online Recorded Lectures for CIS 736 Computer Graphics Project Topics for CIS 736 Advanced Topics in Computer Graphics (8)  1. Filters for Texturing – week of Mon 28 Jan 2008  2. More Mappings – week of Mon 18 Feb 2008  3. Advanced Lighting Models – week of Mon 17 Mar 2008  4. Advanced Ray-Tracing – week of Mon 25 Feb 2008  5. Advanced Ray-Tracing, concluded – week of Mon 24 Mar 2008  6. Global Illumination: Photon Maps (Radiosity) – week of Mon 31 Mar 2008  7. More on Scientific, Data, Info Visualization – week of Mon 21 Apr 2008  8. Terrain – week of Mon 11 Feb 2008 Recommended Background Reading for CIS 636 Shared Lectures with CIS 636 (Computer Graphics)  Regular in-class lectures (35) and labs (7)  Guidelines for paper reviews – week of Mon 25 Feb 2008  Preparing term project presentations and demos for graphics – April

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Background Expected Both Courses  Proficiency in C/C++ or strong proficiency in Java and ability to learn  Strongly recommended: matrix theory or linear algebra (e.g., Math 551)  At least 120 hours for semester (up to 150 depending on term project)  Textbook: 3D Game Engine Design, Second Edition (2006), Eberly  Angel’s OpenGL: A Primer recommended CIS 636  Fresh background in precalculus: Algebra 1-2, Analytic Geometry  Linear algebra basics: matrices, linear bases, vector spaces  Watch background lectures CIS 736 Computer Graphics  Recommended: first course in graphics (background lectures as needed)  OpenGL experience helps  Read up on shaders and shading languages  Watch advanced topics lectures; see list before choosing project topic

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Textbook and Recommended Books Required Textbook Eberly, D. H. (2006). 3D Game Engine Design: A Practical Approach to Real-Time Computer Graphics, second edition. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kauffman. Recommended References Angel, E. O. (2007). OpenGL: A Primer, third edition. Reading, MA: Addison- Wesley. [2 nd edition on reserve] Shreiner, D., Woo, M., Neider, J., & Davis, T. (2007). OpenGL® Programming Guide: The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL®, Version 2.1, sixth edition. [“The Red Book”: use 5 th ed. or later] 2 nd edition (OK to use) 3 rd edition 1 st edition (outdated) 2 nd edition

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics References and Outside Reading

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Syllabus [1]: First Half of Course

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Syllabus [2]: Second Half of Course

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Summary This course is a lot of work  Reading: Eberly 2 e – big book, like Foley et al.  Programming assignments (3): expect to spend 10+ hours on each  Written assignments (3): about 6-10 hours  Term project: at least 20 hours (people have spent up to 50 or more) … but it can also be fun  Visible results  Nifty algorithms, high-performance hardware  “Putting it all together”: very interdisciplinary field  Decent job market for people with right development skills, ideas  Applicable to many other areas of CS and IT Emphasis  “Polygons to pixels pipeline”: viewing, VSD, lighting, shading, texturing  Other topics to be covered: animation, curves and surfaces, collisions  Brief survey of: ray tracing, visualization and color, fractals

Computing & Information Sciences Kansas State University Friday, 18 Jan 2008CIS 636/736: (Introduction to) Computer Graphics Terminology Computer Graphics: Digital Synthesis, Manipulation of Visual Content Graphics Problems (see “Computer Graphics”, Wikipedia)  Geometry: representation and processing of surfaces  Animation: representation and manipulation of motion  Rendering: computationally reproducing appearance of light in scenes  Imaging: Different Approaches to Graphics  Raster versus vector  Sample-based versus geometry-based Purpose of Graphics  Entertainment – games, visual effects in movies and television  Communications – advertising, journalism  Modeling / simulation – displaying events via graphical user interfaces (GUIs)  Visualization – displaying events for analysis and understanding Dual Problem: Inverse Input and Output  Graphics (rendering): geometry to sample (image)  Vision: sample to geometry