BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby Part Four ENTER

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I. Word StudyWord Study II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions III. Word BuildingWord Building IV. GrammarGrammar Language Study

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study Word list: 1.acquaintanceacquaintance 2.anguishanguish 3.bulgebulge 4.conferconfer 5.contemplatecontemplate 6.contemptcontempt 7.exaltexalt 8. headyheady 9. hustlehustle 10. impedimentimpediment 11. integrateintegrate 12. muscularmuscular 13. proficientproficient 14. stampedestampede

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 1. acquaintance n. a. (CN) a person whom one knows b. (UN) knowledge or information about something or someone n. acquaintanceship v. acquaint: to come to know personally; to make familiar; to inform; Examples: Mrs. Bosomley has become merely a nodding acquaintance. Few of my acquaintances like Sheila. The guide has some acquaintance with Italian. He has a wide acquaintanceship among all sorts of people. Translation 点头之交 认识的人 懂一点意大利语 交往甚广 To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study Expressions: Examples: Let me acquaint you with my family. You must acquaint yourself with your new duties. Please acquaint us with your plans. be (become, get) acquainted with: I am already acquainted with the facts. make sb.’s acquaintance (make the acquaintance of sb.): So pleased to have made your acquaintance.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study v. (vi.) to feel or suffer anguish n. agonizing physical or mental pain;torment a. anguished Examples: She was in anguish over her missing child. anguished cries 2. anguish Synonyms suffering, agony, distress, grief, heartache, heartbreak, misery, pain sorrow, torment, torture

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 3. bulge v. to curve outward; to swell up; to stick out n. a. a protruding part; an outward curve or swelling b. a sudden, usually temporary increase in number or quantity Examples: His pocket was bulging with sweets. The baby boom created a bulge in school enrollment. Synonyms protrude project stick out To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study Examples: Helen’s teeth protrude too far. The policeman saw a gun protruding from the man’s pocket. Nails protruded from the board and had to be removed for safety. protrude v. to push or thrust outward; to jut out

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study v. a. to bestow (e.g. an honor) 授予 b. to invest with (a characteristic) 赋予；使带有 c. (vi.) to meet in order to deliberate together or compare views 协商 4. confer Examples: The government conferred a medal on the hero. Diplomas were conferred on members of graduating class. The engineers and technicians are still conferring on the unexpected accident. Synonym award To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study award v. a. to grant as merited or due b.to give as legally due Examples: Martin Ruther King Jr. was awarded the peace Nobel Prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the movement for civil rights. He was awarded his damages in the shipwreck by the court.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study v. a. to look at attentively and thoughtfully b. to consider carefully and at length; c. to have in mind as an intention or possibility Examples: She stood contemplating her figure in the mirror. The young surgeon contemplated the difficult operation of kidney transplant. She is contemplating a trip to Europe, but she hasn’t planned it yet. 5. contemplate Synonyms consider ponder meditate deliberate brood over

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 6. contempt n. scorn; a feeling that sb. or sth. is not important and does not deserve any respect Example: I feel nothing but contempt for such dishonest behavior. Word formation Expressions: be beneath contempt bring into contempt hold in contempt in contempt of 极为荒谬可鄙的 使受人鄙视 鄙视，蔑视 不顾，不把 ······ 放在眼里 a. contemptible contemptuous To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study Examples: It was contemptible of him to speak like that about a respectable teacher! It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on an old friend! He was contemptuous of Britain’s army. Seeing I failed to understand, he gave me a contemptuous look. contemptible: deserving of contempt; despicable 卑劣的，可鄙的 contemptuous: manifesting or feeling contempt; scornful 鄙视的；看不起；鄙视的

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 7. exalt v. a. to raise in rank, character, or status b. to glorify, praise, or honor c. to increase the effect or intensity of exalted a. excited; noble; exaggerated Examples: Complementary colors exalt each other. He was exalted to the position of president. The retiring professor is exalted by his colleagues. an exalted dedication to liberty He has an exalted sense of his importance to the project.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 8. heady a. Try to translate the following phrases: heady liqueur the heady news of triumph a heady outburst of anger a heady current heady tactics too heady to reason with 醉人的烈酒 振奋人心的获胜消息 猛一声怒喝 一股湍流 机敏的战术 太专横而无法与之理论

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study vt. a. to convey in a hurried or rough manner b. to cause or urge to proceed quickly c. to gain by energetic effort vi. to work or move energetically and rapidly 9. hustle Examples: The police hustled the prisoner into a van. Mother hustled the children off to school lest they should be late. We hustled to get dinner ready on time.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 10. impediment n. a. a fact or event which makes action difficult or impossible b. an organic defect preventing clear articulation Examples: The main impediment to development is the country’s huge foreign debt. He has an impediment in speech. 他讲话口吃。 Synonyms hinder hamper impede obstruct block dam bar To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study hinder: to hold back, as by delaying (implying stopping or prevention) The travelers were hindered by storms throughout their journey. hamper: to hinder by or as if by fastening or entangling A suit and an overcoat hampered the efforts of the accident victim to swim to safety. impede: to slow by making action or movement difficult Sentiment and eloquence serve only to impede the pursuit of truth. To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby obstruct: implies the presence of obstacles that interfere with progress A building under construction obstructs our view of the mountains. block: to complete obstruction that prevents progress, passage, or action A huge snowdrift is blocking the entrance to the driveway. dam: suggests obstruction of the flow, progress, or release of something, such as water or emotion They dammed the brook to form a swimming pool. bar: to prevent entry or exit or prohibit a course of action Mounted troops barred access to the presidential palace. I.Word Study

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 11. integrate v. a. to make into a whole by bringing all parts together; to unify b. to join with something else; unite disintegrate: to become reduced to components, fragments, or particles Examples: Many suggestions are needed to integrate the plan. The teachers are trying to integrate all the children into society. The extracted case was so old it just disintegrated when a worker picked it up. Word formation a. integrated 综合的，完整的

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby I.Word Study 12. muscular a. a. of, relating to, or consisting of muscle b. having well-developed muscles c. having or suggesting great power; forceful or vigorous Examples: a muscular build 一副强壮的体格 muscular contraction 肌肉的收缩 muscular advocacy groups 有力的拥护团体 Comparison masculine 男性的，男子气概的， [ 语法 ] 阳性的

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby 13. proficient a. having or marked by an advanced degree of competence, as in an art, vocation, profession, or branch of learning n. an expert; an adept I.Word Study Examples: A proficient surgeon is the product of lengthy training and experience. She is proficient at/in figure skating. Synonyms skillful skilled adept expert BTLE W

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby 14. stampede v. to (to cause to) flee in panic or to act on mass impulse n. a. a sudden frenzied or headlong rush or flight b. a mass impulsive action I.Word Study Examples: Rumors of a shortage stampeded people into buying up food. a herd of stampeding cattle a stampede of support for the candidate 纷纷支持那个候选人 The end of Word Study.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 1.at the timeat the time 2.do away withdo away with 3.few and far betweenfew and far between 4.for (one’s) moneyfor (one’s) money 5.in the fleshin the flesh 6.lag behindlag behind 7.make formake for 8.nothing butnothing but 9.on… occasionon… occasion 10.out of one’s depthout of one’s depth 11.think well ofthink well of 12.stand bystand by List:

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions at a time at all times at one time at the time at times at the same time at the best of times Please match the following phrases with their translations: 一度，曾经 在 ······ 时候 尽管如此，同时 有时候 在最有利的时候 在任何时候，经常 那时候 1. at the time

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 2. do away with Please translate the following sentences: They have done away with corporal punishment in our school. The city has decided to do away with overhead wires. They agreed that privileges must be done away with. The robbers did away with their victims. It is about time all this obsolete machinery was done away with. Translation 废除体罚 消除高架线 取消特权 干掉受害者 处理掉旧机器

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby Examples: In Nevada the towns are few and far between. Really exciting games are few and far between. Places where you can get water are few and far between in the desert. 3. few and far between “far” phrases II.Phrases and Expressions To be continued on the next page. “few” phrases

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions far as far as by far far and away far and near far and wide so far, so good so far from 就 ······ 而言；只要；一直走到 最 ······ ， ······ 得多 无疑地（和 adj. adv. 最高级连用） 到处，四面八方 到处，各处 到目前为止，一切顺利。 非但不，相反 ······ To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions few no fewer than not a few quite a few (a good few) the few 有 ······ 之多，至少有 不少，相当多 好些，相当多 少数（有特殊要求的）人 Exercises To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions Please fill in the blanks with “far” and “few”phrases: We searched _____ for the missing child. ____; I hope we keep on with such good luck. He is ____ the best-prepared candidate for the Presidency. They should be concentrated in one place ____ this is reasonable. There were ____ 500 people present. ____ readers wrote letters of commendation to the magazine. ____ taking my advice, he went and did just what I warned him against. Keys far and near/ far and wide So far, so good far and away as far as no fewer than Not a few So far from

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby 4. for (one’s) money II.Phrases and Expressions “money” phrases To be continued on the next page. according to one’s opinion, choice, or preference 依照某人的意见、选择或偏好 Example: For my money, it’s not worth the trouble.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions for love or money in the money money to burn one’s money’s worth Put money on I wouldn’t give him my dog for love or money. After years of struggle and dependence, air transportation is in the money. Dick’s uncle died and left him money to burn. It is a bit expensive, but you get your money’s worth. to put money on outcome of a race Try to translate these sentences: Keys 1. 无论如何，不管 以任何代价 2. 非常有钱，有利 可图 3. 大量的钱 4. 花钱值得 5. 为 ······ 打赌

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby in the person, present Examples: I have corresponded with him for some years,but I have never met him in the flesh. He is nicer in the flesh than in his photograph. flesh and blood: 血肉之躯 Those sorrows are more than flesh and blood can bear. The author doesn’t give his characters any flesh and blood. 逼真的形象 make one’s flesh creep: 使人毛骨悚然 His story made my flesh creep. thorn in the flesh: 肉中刺 The guerrilla band was a thorn in the flesh of the invaders. 5. in the flesh II.Phrases and Expressions

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 6. lag behind to fail to keep up a pace; to straggle Examples: The elder people and children always lag behind when we go for a walk. Don’t let a single classmate lag behind. He wondered darkly at how great a lag there was between his thinking and his actions. 他暗暗惊讶于自己在思想和行动上有如此大的差距。 BTLE W

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby 7. make for II.Phrases and Expressions to have or cause to have a particular effect or result; to help promote; to go to a place or rush forward Examples: small details that make for comfort Thoughtfulness makes for closer relationships. This book makes for very enjoyable reading. The convoy made for the open sea. As soon as it started to rain we turned round and made for home.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 8. nothing but Examples: Don’t have him for a friend: he’s nothing but a criminal. He had nothing for supper but a little piece of cheese. Nothing but roses meets the eye. “nothing” phrases To be continued on the next page. only, merely

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions nothing doing nothing if not nothing like nothing less than nothing more than nothing much nothing of the kind 毫无，决不 极其，极端 没有什么能比得上 不亚于，完全（强调其多、其大） 仅仅，只不过（强调其少、其小） 非常少，没什么 哪里，不行 Examples To be continued on the next page.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions “Let’s go for a boat ride!” “Nothing doing!” He was nothing if not clever. There’s nothing like a holiday to make one fell rested. Studying that lesson should take nothing like four hours. That’s nothing less than a miracle. (=no less than) The drops didn’t get very big, and the earth received nothing more than a drizzle. (=no more than) “Anything interesting happening?” No, nothing much. “I’m sorry to cause you trouble.” “ My dear friend, it’s nothing of the kind.”

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 9. on… occasion Please translate the following sentences: He talked about his his work on every occasion. She was invited to the Master’s room on several occasions. On occasion, we feel like celebrating and have a party. On one occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. Chinese 总是，不管什么时候 有几次 有时，遇必要时 曾经，有一次

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 10. out of one’s depth 水深过头；超越自己的能力；理解不了的 in depth 广泛地；彻底地 a study in depth of the poems explore a subject in depth an in-depth study Examples: Jack was not a good swimmer, add nearly drowned when he drifted out beyond his depth. I am out of my depth when it comes to natural science.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions not think much of think better of sb. think better of sth. think highly of think well of think little of think poorly of think nothing of 看轻 对某人印象好；看重某人 改变 ······ 念头；打消主意 看重；器重 重视 看轻；看不起 不放在眼里；轻视 轻视；认为无所谓；认为没什 么了不起 11. think well of Try to make some sentences with the phrases.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby II.Phrases and Expressions 12. stand by Examples: He stood by me through all my troubles. The police are standing by to control the crowd if it is necessary. You should always stand by your promises. You can’t stand by and allow such a thing. a. to remain uninvolved; to refrain from acting b. to remain loyal to; to aid or support c. to keep or maintain d. to be ready or available to act The end of Phrases and Expressions.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby III.Word Building List: 1. Prefix—hind-Prefix—hind- 2. Suffix— -etteSuffix— -ette 3. Derivative: orateDerivative: orate 4. Suffix— -ferSuffix— -fer

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby III.Word Building hindquarters prefix Prefix—hind- located at or forming the back or rear Examples: hindquarters n. 后腿，臀部 hindlimb (hind legs a.) n. ( 动物或昆虫的 ) 后肢，下肢 hindsight n. 枪的表尺，后瞄准器；后见之明，事后聪明 I now know with hindsight that I did him a terrible wrong. 我事后才明白我完全冤枉了他。 hindmost a. 最后面的， 最后部的

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby a. small; diminutive 表示小的，小型的 b. female 表示女性的 c. an imitation or inferior kind of cloth 表示仿造品或衣料质地较差的 a. kitchenette 小厨房 novelette 中或短篇 luncheonette 小餐馆 launderette 自动洗衣店 b. usherette 女引座员 drum majorette 鼓乐 bachelorette 未婚女子 c. leatherette 人造革 suffix—-ette III.Word Building statuette

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby III.Word Building oratory orate v. to speak in a formal, pompous manner oration n. a formal speech, especially one given on a ceremonial occasion; a speech delivered in a high-flown or pompous manner orator n. one who delivers an oration; an eloquent and skilled public speaker oratory n. the art of public speaking; eloquence or skill in making speeches to the public; public speaking marked by the use of overblown rhetoric

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby III.Word Building -fer ： from Latin: ferre = to carry 携带 fertile 肥沃的，多产的 afferent 传入的 defer 推迟，延期，听从，服从 proffer 提供 efferent 传出的，输出管 infer 推断 offer, differ, refer, suffer, transfer, prefer The end of Word Building. confer

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby IV.Grammar 1.ParallelismParallelism 2.The Use of ComplementThe Use of Complement

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby IV.Grammar To be continued on the next page. More examples I. The method of expressing ideas of equal importance in the same or similar grammatical form is called PARALLELISM. Parallel constructions: listing, contrast, choice, comparison all shouting the same thing, all warming their hands at the fire of their prejudices —two absolute constructions (listing) not by thought; by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck. —two prepositional phrases (contrast) To be or not to be, that is a question. —two infinitive phrases (choice) Crawling up down a mountain is sometimes harder than climbing up. —two participle phrases. (comparison)

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby IV.Grammar 1.For further information, you can either consult an encyclopaedia or surf the Internet. —two verb phrases (choice) 2.In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income. —two noun prepositional phrases (comparison) 3.The unemployed man wanted a job rather than welfare. —two nouns (contrast) 4.Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning one’s time, working on one’s own and managing one’s affairs. —three participle phrases (listing) The end of Parallelism.

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby IV.Grammar To be continued on the next page. II. The Use of Complement Next to her, crouched the statuette of a leopard, ready to spring down… —adjective phrase as subject complement You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments. —past and present participles as object complement It took the swimmer some distance from the shore and left him there, out of his depth. — prepositional phrase as object complement More examples

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby IV.Grammar The end of Grammar. More examples: Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. Lincoln was born a poor farmer’s boy and died President of the United States. People are just born what color they are. As a true friend he stood by me to the end. John wears his hair very long. Can I have this parcel weighed here? I called this robbing Peter to pay Paul. As the main eating implement, the Chinese use chopsticks every day. Subject complements Object complements

BTLE W Lesson 1—Thinking as a Hobby Part Four This is the end of Part Four. Please click HOME to visit other parts. HOME