4-1 6. HAt hydroastatic acid 7. C6H5COOH benzoic acid 8. Hg2(IO)2 mercury I hypoiodite 9. H3PO3 phosphorous acid 10. NH4BrO3 ammonium bromate

4-2 6. hypoiodous acid HIO 7. cyanic acid HOCN 8. phthalic acid H2C8H4O4 9. tin(IV) chromate Sn(CrO4)2

IV . Organic Substances A. Profile 1. Always contain carbon and hydrogen, may also include other elements 2. Covalently bonded chains, rings or small molecules 3. Classified according to # of carbons, bond type and/or functional groups attached

a. Prefixes = # of carbons meth = 1 eth = 2 prop = 3 but = 4 pent = 5 hex = 6 hept = 7 oct = 8 non = 9 dec = 10 b. alkanes : simplest organic compounds – only single bonds i. Cn H2n+2 ii. –ane ending

c. alkene : 1 or more double bond in structure i. Cn H2n( only works for one double bond) ii. –ene ending

d. alkyne : 1 or more triple bonds in structure i. Cn H2n-2 ii. –yne ending

e. alcohol : hydroxide group attached somewhere i. follows pattern for alk designation ii. anol ending – single bonds iii. enol ending – double bonds iv. ynol ending – triple bonds

What if…….there is a ring ? Cyclo should preceed the name