Introduction to Android Programming (CS5248 Fall 2015) Aditya Kulkarni August 26, 2015 *Based on slides from Paresh Mayami (Google Inc.)
Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup
Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup Creating and Building Android App Create an Android Project Building and Running Debugging
Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup Creating and Building Android App Create an Android Project Building and Running Debugging General Topics Android Application Components Misc: Media Recorder, MediaCodec, HTTP Post, MP4Parser
Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup Creating and Building Android App Create an Android Project Building and Running Debugging General Topics Android Application Components Misc: Media Recorder, MediaCodec, HTTP Post, MP4Parser Sample Application
Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java
Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java The Android OS is a multi-user Linux system
Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java The Android OS is a multi-user Linux system Android app lives in its own security sandbox System assigns each app a unique Linux user ID Each process has its own virtual machine Every application runs in its own Linux process
Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java The Android OS is a multi-user Linux system Android app lives in its own security sandbox System assigns each app a unique Linux user ID Each process has its own virtual machine Every application runs in its own Linux process The Android system implements the principle of least privilege
Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK
Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK Step 2: Configure the SDK
Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK Step 2: Configure the SDK Step 3: Create your first Android App
Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK Step 2: Configure the SDK Step 3: Create your first Android App Step 4: Build and Run your App
Step-1: Install JDK
JDK Installation JDK and JRE are different! Can download the JDK for your OS at Alternatively, for OS X, Linux: –OS X: Open /Applications/Utilities/Terminal.app Type javac at command line Install Java when prompt appears –Linux: Type sudo apt–get install default–jdk at command line (Debian, Ubuntu) Other distributions: consult the documentation
Install! 16
Step-2: Configure the SDK
SDK Configuration Download Android SDK from
SDK Configuration Download Android SDK from Or Simplest: Download and install Android Studio bundle (including Android SDK) for your OS
Install! 20
Step-3: Create your first Android App
Your first Android App
Long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away …
Eclipse IDE- Official IDE for Android development ADT plugin Apache Ant for building projects
… so Google said …
Install
Run
Recommended: Install Android 2.2, APIs and 4.x API Do not worry about Intel x86 Atom, MIPS system images Settings Run Android SDK Manager
Now you are ready for Android development!
Create new Android project
Create Activity
The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires
The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires Declare the minimum API level required by the application
The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires Declare the minimum API level required by the application Declare hardware and software features used or required by the application
The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires Declare the minimum API level required by the application Declare hardware and software features used or required by the application API libraries the application needs to be linked
The Manifest File
Step-4: Building & Running your App
Building Process Running
No Android Device?
Install USB Driver !!!
Install OEM USB Driver from ASUS website. and search by Transformer Update Driver Software from Device Manager Locate USB Driver folder Enable USB Debugging at Transformer USB Driver Installation Update Driver software
Enabling USB Debugging
Running Sample App
Sample “Hello World” Code
Editing Sample Code Add id to main.xml
Editing Sample Code Add id to main.xml Edit HelloWorldActivity.java
A Sample Code
Important points 1.UI Element has an Id 2.Variables in our code link to UI elements 3.Update UI element content from the program 1 2 3
App Failure
Let us debug the code …
Always, look at DDMS !!!
Correction
Debugging via Dalvik Debug Monitor Service (DDMS) Log.e("Hello, World", "Hello, BJ");
Android Application Components
Application Components Android Application.apk : Android package
Application Components Android Application.apk : Android package Four Application Components Activity Service Content Provider Broadcast Receiver
Application Components Android Application.apk : Android package Four Application Components Activity Service Content Provider Broadcast Receiver Communication among components except Content Provider Intent
Activity Activity LifecycleImplement Lifecycle Callbacks
Activity Hierarchical View Architecture ViewGroup (Layout) View ViewGroup (Layout) View … View ViewGroup …
Activity Hierarchical View Architecture ViewGroup (Layout) View ViewGroup (Layout) View … View ViewGroup … Do not forget to declare Activity in the Manifest
Activity Start an Activity Start an Activity for a Result Caller Activity Callee Activity finish
Activities and Stack
Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations
Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations A service does not provide a user interface
Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations A service does not provide a user interface Another component, such as an activity, can start the service and let it run or bind to it in order to interact with it
Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations A service does not provide a user interface Another component, such as an activity, can start the service and let it run or bind to it in order to interact with it e.g a service might play music in the background while the user is in a different app
Broadcast Receivers A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements
Broadcast Receivers A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements Apps can also initiate broadcasts
Broadcast Receivers A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements Apps can also initiate broadcasts Although broadcast receivers don't display a UI, they may create a status bar notification to alert the user when a broadcast event occurs
Content Providers A content provider manages a shared set of app data
Content Providers A content provider manages a shared set of app data Through the content provider, other apps can query or even modify the data
Content Providers A content provider manages a shared set of app data Through the content provider, other apps can query or even modify the data Any app with the proper permissions can query part of the content provider
Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed
Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an ActivitystartActivity Activity
Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an ActivitystartActivity Activity broadcastIntent to send it to any interested BroadcastReceiver componentsbroadcastIntent BroadcastReceiver
Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an ActivitystartActivity Activity broadcastIntent to send it to any interested BroadcastReceiver componentsbroadcastIntent BroadcastReceiver startService(Intent) or bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, int) to communicate with a background ServicestartService(Intent)bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, int)Service
UI – Declaring Layout Initiated when called setContentView() on onCreate()
UI – Declaring Layout Initiated when called setContentView() on onCreate() Use Visual Layout Editor for initial layout design
UI – Declaring Layout Initiated when called setContentView() on onCreate() Use Visual Layout Editor for initial layout design Edit XML file extensively
UI – Handling UI Events onClick, onLongClick, onKey, onTouch, …
Thread UI Thread “Main” thread per application is responsible for interacting with UI components
Thread UI Thread “Main” thread per application is responsible for interacting with UI components “Application Not Responding” problem If UI thread is blocked more than several seconds, ANR dialog appears Do not block the UI thread Do not access UI components outside UI thread
Thread UI Thread “Main” thread per application is responsible for interacting with UI components “Application Not Responding” problem If UI thread is blocked more than several seconds, ANR dialog appears Do not block the UI thread Do not access UI components outside UI thread modify
Use AsyncTask, Instead
Misc - Media Recorder Modify CameraPreview to see the video during recording
Misc – Media Codec To access low-level media codecs, i.e. encoder/decoder components
Misc - HTTP Post Use HttpClient and HttpPost Use “multi-part/form-data” to encapsulate segment Do not excessively use memory
Misc – Permission Issue Add following permissions to the Manifest file
Sample Implementation MainActivity CaptureActivity Upload Service PlayerActivity Option menuContext menu Capture Capture Button Click Play click Background Upload
Misc - Integration with MP4Parser Adding a jar file Create its jar file Add jar file to the app Build Path > Configure Build Path > Libraries > Add JARs If you include source files directly, Put Isoparser-default.properties to assets folder Change getResourceAsStream(“isoparser- default.properties”) in PropertyBoxParserImpl to “/assets/isoparser-default.properties”
Final Comment: Use ApiDemo !!!
General References How to work with Android GUI layouts Building and running your app Deployment of the.apk file apk-file-in-the-android-emulator apk-file-in-the-android-emulator Find the hidden developer option to/restore-the-developer-options-menu-in-android-4-2/ to/restore-the-developer-options-menu-in-android-4-2/ Rotation lock/unlock to-make-your-android-phone-stop-rotating-the-screen-when- you%E2%80%99re-reading-sideways/ to-make-your-android-phone-stop-rotating-the-screen-when- you%E2%80%99re-reading-sideways/ Video tutorials Load/Open an existing package (e.g., the provided ClassExamples) into your eclipse File --> Import... --> General-Tab --> Existing Projects into Workspace (and click Next) Select root Directory: click Browse: select the folder the include the AndroidManifest.xml or project.properties files. Click finish
Thank You! Any questions