Minerals Day 4 Mineral Properties

Properties of Minerals What is mineral identification? – Identifying the name of a mineral based on its __________________________. In order to do that, today we will learn the properties of minerals! _______________________________________ determine the properties of a mineral.

Color 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Small amounts of different elements can give the same mineral different colors.  Color is __________________________ to identify a mineral as the same mineral can have different colors and many minerals can have the same colors.

Streak 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Streak is the color of a mineral in its _________________________.  To see the powdered form you “streak” the element onto a streaking plate.

Luster 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Luster is used to describe how _________________________ from the surface of a mineral.  If you hold up the mineral to the light is it:  Shiny  Dull  Glossy  Crystal-like  Metallic

Pyrite (Fool’s Gold) Displays Metallic Luster.

Crystal Form 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Crystal form is the visible expression of a mineral’s internal _________________ ___________________________________  Did your sample develop in an open space? Can you see the crystal form?

Quartz Often Exhibits Good Crystal Form.

Hardness 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Hardness is a measure of the ____________ ____________________________________  Mohs scale _____________________ and consists of 10 minerals arranged from 10 (hardest) to 1 (softest).

Mohs Scale of Hardness

Cleavage 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral to cleave, or break, along _________________________.

Mica Has Cleavage in One Direction

Fracture 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Minerals that do not show cleavage when broken are said to fracture.  Fracture — the ______________________ of a mineral  The _________________________________ of an atom will determine whether a mineral will show cleavage or break in irregular fractures.

Conchoidal Fracture

Density 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Density is a property of all matter that is the ratio of an object’s mass to its volume.  What is our formula for density?  In order to distinguish between fool’s gold (pyrite) and real gold, jewelers measure the DENSITY.

Distinctive Properties of Minerals 2.3 Properties of Minerals  Some minerals can be recognized by other distinctive properties.  Sulfur – smells like rotten eggs  Talc – feels soapy  Graphite – feels greasy  Metallic minerals – easily shaped  Magnetite – magnetic  Calcite - magnifying

Properties of Minerals Remember: ________________and ___________________ determine the properties of a mineral. That means that a mineral’s color, fracture, streak, luster, etc is all determined by it’s chemical composition (elements) and their structure.

As a class, let’s answer the following questions 1.What determines the properties of a mineral? 2.Which mineral property is the LEAST useful in helping to identify a mineral? 3.Mohs scale is used to determine what property of minerals? 4.Define cleavage. 5. How are cleavage and fracture different?

Minerals Quiz You MAY use your notes and the periodic table in the back of the book. The quiz is 25 multiple choice- you will have 30 minutes When you finish, you need to begin on the webquest (If you do not have your computer today, work on your vocabulary due Monday or article report due today)

Mineral Uses Webquest We use minerals ALL the time! You are going to find out how we use minerals using your computers. Click here to get started!here The front side is REQUIRED! To work on the back for extra credit, click here for the section labeled FIREWORKS and here for MINERAL GROUPS FIREWORKS MINERAL GROUPS