Let’s Review Our Homework Chapter 3, Section 2 Review, # 2, 4, 5 2)What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rocks? Give an example of each. Extrusive rocks, such as basalt, forms from lava that has erupted onto Earth’s surface. Intrusive rock, such as granite, forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface. 4)Why are some igneous rocks dark and others light? Dark igneous rocks form from magma or lava low in silica content, while light igneous rocks form from magma or lava high in silica content. 5)How are basalt and granite different in their origin, texture, and mineral composition? How are they similar? Basalt is an extrusive rock with a fine-grained texture and low silica content. Granite is an intrusive rock with a coarse-grained texture and high silica content. Both are igneous rocks that began as molten material inside Earth.

IV. 3 Rock Categories B.Sedimentary 1.What is Sediment? a.Small particles/pieces of material b.Can come from rocks/living things 2.Transportation a.Water and Wind b.Erosion/Deposition occurs as a result

IV. 3 Rock Categories 3.How Does Sediment Harden to form rock? a.Deposition b.Compaction c.Cementation

IV. 3 Rock Categories 4.Types ClasticOrganicChemical Form from pieces of other rocks (pieces can range from clay – boulder size) Examples: Shale, Sandstone, Conglomerate Form from remains of living things Examples: Coal, Limestone Form when minerals dissolved in solution crystallize Form from mineral deposits left when seas or lakes evaporate Examples: Limestone

IV. 3 Rock Categories 4.Types ClasticOrganicChemical

HOMEWORK Read Chapter 3, Section 3 Index Cards for bold vocabulary words found in Section 3 Section 3 Review, # 2 and 4

Coal: A sedimentary rock, formed from decayed plants, is mainly used in power plants to make electricity. For Electric Power Coal is used as a fossil fuel to create almost half of all electricity generated in the United States. Power plants burn coal to make steam. The steam turns turbines (machines for generating rotary mechanical power) that generate electricity. What Emissions and Byproducts Are Produced from Burning Coal? The combustion of coal produces several types of emissions that adversely affect the environment.

Limestone A sedimentary rock, it is used mainly in the manufacture of Portland cement, the production of lime, manufacture of paper, petrochemicals, insecticides, linoleum, fiberglass, glass, carpet backing and as the coating on many types of chewing gum.

Shale: A sedimentary rock, well stratified in thin beds. It splits unevenly more or less parallel to bedding plane and may contain fossils. It can be a component of bricks and cement.

Conglomerate: A sedimentary rock with a variable hardness, consisted of rounded or angular rock or mineral fragments cemented by silica, lime, iron oxide, etc. Usually found in mostly thick, crudely stratified layers. Used in the construction industry. They are also used in decorating because they typically have a variety of colors.

Sandstone: A sedimentary rock more or less rounded. Generally thick-bedded, varicolored, rough feel due to uneven surface produced by breaking around the grains. Used principally for construction, it is easy to work, the red-brown sandstone of Triassic age, better known as "brownstone," has been used in many eastern cities. Manufacturing of plate glass, fine table glassware, and common glassware. Crushed in concrete and asphalt to fill in dike and jetty construction. Rough and weathered sandstone is used as fireplaces, walls, and walkways. As decorative stones. As bookends, clocks, paperweights, coaster, etc. As flooring or paving material. Load bearing masonry Sandstone slabs and sandstone tiles are used in cladding. In chemical industries as flooring, wall fixing and lining due to its acid and alkali resistant properties. It is ideal for carving and architectural uses as pillars, arches, garden furniture, fountains, landscaping products and stone arts & crafts. Sandstone blocks are used as foundations and stonewalls.