One Dimensional Motion. Distance How far something has moved.

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Presentation transcript:

One Dimensional Motion

Distance How far something has moved

Distance Scalar quantity

Displacement How far something is from its starting position

Displacement A vector quantity

Time The interval between two occurrences

Uniform Motion Equal displacement occurs during successive equal time intervals

Uniform Motion Velocity is constant during uniform motion

Distance vs Time Graph

Slope Slope = rise/run Slope =  y/  x

Slope On a distance vs time graph: Slope =  d/  t

Slope Slope =  d/  t Slope = velocity

Average Velocity v =  d/  t v = d 1 – d 0 t 1 – t 0

Displacement d 1 = d 0 + vt 1 d = d 0 + vt

Distance vs Time Graph

Acceleration a =  v/  t a = v 1 - v 0  t 1 - t 0

Velocity v = v 0 + at v f = v i + at

Displacement d = d 0 + v 0 t + ½ at 2

Displacement d f = d i + v i t + ½ at 2

v 2 = v a(d 1 – d 0 ) v 2 = v ad

v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

v = v 0 + at d = d 0 + v 0 t + ½ at 2 v 2 = v ad

v = v 0 + at v f = v i + at

d = d 0 + v 0 t + ½ at 2 d f = d i + v i t + ½ at 2

d f = d i + v i t + ½ at 2 d = v i t + ½ at 2

v 2 = v ad v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

f f = v i + at d = v i t + ½ at 2 v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

Drill A ball is dropped from 490 m. Calculate its: v f & t air

Determining Instantaneous Velocity 1)Graph the  d/  t data 2)Draw tangent to point of interest 3)Determine slope of tangent

Velocity vs Time Graphs

a = slope d = xy or vt d = area

a = slope =  y/  x =  v/  t = 62/5 = 12.4 m/s

d = area under curve

Define each of the following DistanceDisplacement SpeedVelocity Acceleration

Describe the motion for each series

Describe the motion between each interval

Describe the motion of each series

Draw a position time graph for a person who walks uniformly from the positive side of the origin back thru the origin to the negative side. Repeat for the negative side.

Make the following conversions: a) 10 m/s to km/hr b) 72 mph to m/s 1.6 km/mile

Draw a position time graph of a person who walks one block briskly, waits at a traffic light, walks the next block slowly, waits at another light, then runs the last block.

A car starts m west of town, and moves at 15 m/s east. 1) write its best equation 2) where will the car be at 10 min 3) When will the car be in town

A truck starts m east of town, and moves at 12 m/s west Find the time & place where the car from the last problem & the truck will be at the same place

A car increases its velocity from 4.0 m/s to 36 m/s over 4.0 s. 1) Calculate the average acceleration

The same car slows from 36 m/s to 15 m/s in 3.0 s. 1) Calculate the average acceleration & dis

A car is coasting backwards at 3.0 m/s when its engine starts. After 2.5 s the car is going 4.5 m/s. 1) Calculate the average acceleration & displacement

A car going 4.0 m/s accelerates at 3.0 m/s 2 for 4.0 s. 1) Calculate its final velocity & displacement

A car slows from 44 m/s to 22 m/s in 11 s. Calculate its acceleration & displacement

A car accelerates from 15 m/s to 25 m/s in 125 m. 1) Calculate its time & acceleration

A ball is dropped from a 0.49 km cliff. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. 1) Calculate its time in air & final velocity

A ball is thrown straight up at 19.6 m/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. 1) Calculate its time in air & maximum height

A man on the ground shoots a gun straight up & the bullet exits the barrel at 980 m/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate its time in air, v f, & maximum height

A cannon on a 2500 m cliff is fired straight up & the ball exits the barrel at 0.98 km/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate its time in air, v f, & maximum height

A ball is shot straight up to a height of 1.96 km. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. 1) Calculate its time in air & final velocity.

A ball was dropped & landed at 70.0 m/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. 1) Calculate its height & time in air.

A pumpkin was dropped from a plane & stayed in air for 10.0 s. The acceleration of gravity is m/s 2. 1) Calculate its height & final velocity.

A car increases its velocity from 36 km/hr to 72 km/hr in 5.0 s. Calculate its acceleration & displacement during that time.

A car rolling backwards at 5.0 m/s accelerates at 3.0 m/s 2 for 4.0 s. Calculate its final velocity & displacement during that time.

A car rolling backwards at 25.0 m/s accelerates at 5.0 m/s 2 for 12.0 s. Calculate its final velocity & displacement during that time.

A ball is thrown straight up at 9800 cm/s. Calculate the maximum height of the ball & its time in air.

A ball is thrown straight down at 25 m/s & stays in air for 4.0 s. g = -9.8 m/s 2 Calculate the initial height & v f of the ball.

A ball is thrown straight up to a height of 49 m. g = -9.8 m/s 2 Calculate the initial velocity & time in air.

A ball is thrown straight sideways & lands in 5.0 s. g = -9.8 m/s 2 Calculate the final down velocity & height.

A car rolling backwards at 5.0 m/s accelerates to 11 m/s forward in 4.0 s. Calculate its acceleration & displacement during that time.

A car going 36 km/hr slams on brakes, but still hits a tree at 6.0 km/hr after 1.0 s. Calculate: its acceleration & displacement during that time.

A ball is thrown straight up and hits the ground in 6. sec. Calculate the ball’s max height & max velocity.

A car goes from 36 km/hr to 54 km/hr in 5.0 s. Calculate: its acceleration & displacement during that time.

A ball is thrown straight up at 49 m/s. Calculate the time in air & the max height.

A car rolling backwards at 6.0 km/hr accelerates to 30.0 km/hr forward in 6.0 s. Calculate its acceleration & displacement during that time.