Introduction To Computer System Module 1 Introduction To Computer System

Module 1 Objectives At the end of the lesson, you should be able to : Identify the basic concept and usage of a computer Identify the basic component of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of computers Recognize the purpose of network and the use of internet and network Differentiate between system software and application software Describe the categories of computers

Computer What is computer literacy? Knowledge of computers and their uses Computers are everywhere

What is a computer? How is a computer defined? It is an electronic device operating under the controls of instruction stored in its memory.

What Is Computer ? The information processing cycle consist the below: Input Process Output Storage Communication

Information Processing Cycle Communication Input: Accepting data that has been represented in a way that the computer can use. Processing: Performing arithmetic or comparison (logical) operations on the represented data. Output: Displaying results Storage: Storing results for later reuse. Communication: Transferring data to from one point to another

Computer System Components Input devices Output devices System unit

Input devices Hardware used to enter data and instructions

Output devices Hardware that is used to convey messages to one or more people

System Unit Case containing electronic components used to process data

Motherboard Central Processing Unit Memory Also called the processor The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer Memory Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions Intel Itanium 2© Processor

Storage Storage Holds data, instruction and information for future use. Storage media Physical material on which data, instructions and information is stored. Storage device Records and retrieves items to and from storage devices

Communication Devices Hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions and information. Occurs over cables, telephone lines, cellular radio networks and other transmission media.

Advantages of using a computer Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communications

Disadvantages of using Computers Violation of privacy Impact on labor force Health risk Impact on environment

Networks and the Internet What is a network? Network is a collection of computers and devices connected together

Networks and the Internet Reasons for network

Networks and the Internet Generally, a network uses a client server architecture Servers manages resources on a network Client access the resources from the server. Networks and the Internet

Networks and the Internet What is Internet? Internet is a world wide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions and individuals.

Networks and the Internet Users access the internet for : Communications Information Shopping Banking and Investing Classes Entertainment

Networks and the Internet What is The WWW (World Wide Web)? consist of billions of documents, called web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet.

What is Software ? Series of instructions that process data Two kinds System software Used by the computer Application software Used by the user A computer system requires software to make the best use of its capabilities and to solve problems

What is System Software ? Enables application software to interact with computer hardware A “Background” software  manage internal computer resources and coordinate the application software requests with computer hardware without user interaction Operating system software Most important system software Executes application software Stores data and programs manages all the overall operation of the computer system I.e.  Eg. Window 2000, Linux, UNIX, Sun Solaris, Mac OS X

What is Application Software ? End-user software  enter commands and typically interact with application programs. General-purpose programs Some types: Browsers, Spreadsheet, Database management systems, presentation graphics, word processor i.e  Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word, PowerPoint Special-purpose programs Custom written for specialized tasks written for an organization’s or business type’s specific purpose i.e.  Online Registration System

Graphical User Interface (GUI) What is a graphical user interface? Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icon. Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information.

Install and run software

Categories of Computers Desktop Mobile computers and mobile devices Midrange servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded computers

Further Reading H.L. Capron, J.A. Johnson. Computers: Tools for an Information Age. Seventh Edition. Prentice-Hall. -- Chap 1 Ron White. How Computers Work. Millennium Edition. QUE. -- Chap 1 Larry Long, Nancy Long. Computers. 8th Edition. Prentice-Hall. -- Chap 1