McGraw-Hill/Irwin ©2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, All Rights Reserved Business Plug-in 5 NETWORKS and TELECOMMUNICATIONS

7-2 NETWORK BASICS Telecommunication system – a system that transmits _____ over public or private networks Network – a two or more computers that exchange data and share resources using standards (_________) Three types of networks: –Local area network (LAN)—a building –Metropolitan area network (MAN)—a city –______ area network (WAN)—a large region

7-3 NETWORK BASICS

7-4 NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS Architecture –peer-to-peer or client/_________ Topology –bus, star, ring, hybrid, __________ Protocols –Ethernet –TCP/___ Media –coaxial, twisted-pair, _______-optic

7-5 Peer-to-Peer Networks Peer-to-peer (P2P) network - any network without a central file _______ and in which all computers in the network have access to the public files located on all other workstations

7-6 Client/Server Networks Client/server network – a _______ model for computing in which the bulk of the processing takes place on a server (back- end), while clients perform primarily input/output (front-end) Client - a computer that is designed to request information from a server Server - a computer that is dedicated to providing information to the client

7-7 Client/Server Networks Network operating system (NOS) - the operating system that runs a network, steering information between computers while managing security Packet-switching - dividing a message on a source computer into a number of efficiently sized units called ________, each of which contains the address of the destination computer Router - an __________ connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward toward its destination

7-8 Client/Server Networks Client/Server network

7-9 Client/Server Networks Worldwide router growth

7-10 TOPOLOGY Network topology - the __________ arrangement of the physical computers and other network devices) in a network –Bus –Star –Ring –Hybrid –Wireless

7-11 TOPOLOGIES

7-12 PROTOCOLS Protocol - a _________ that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission Interoperability - the capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers

7-13 Ethernet Ethernet - a physical and data layer technology for LAN networking

7-14 Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol TCP/IP – protocol for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private networks

7-15 Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol Applications File transfer __________ (FTP) –Downloading/uploading files to/from computers Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) –For sending/receiving Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) –For downloading ____ pages Simple network management protocol (SNMP) –For network management

7-16 The OSI Model for TCP/IP Applications communicating w/ applications Networks communicating w/ applications Managing sessions between computers Logically sending data over a network Connecting networks Connecting devices on a network Connecting a device to a communication medium

7-17 Voice over IP (VoIP) Voice over IP (VoIP) - uses _______ technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines

7-18 NETWORK TRANSMISSION MEDIA Two types of media used to carry the signal between computers –______ media (guided) 1.Twisted-pair wiring 2.Coaxial cable 3.Fiber optic (or optical fiber) –Wireless media (unguided) Empty space is the medium Range varies

7-19 Wire Media

7-20 E-BUSINESS NETWORKS Virtual private network (VPN) - a way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g., Internet) to provide secure access to an organization’s network Valued-added network (VAN) - a private network, provided by a ______ party, for exchanging information through a high capacity connection

7-21 WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI) Wireless fidelity (wi-fi) – a means of linking computers using _______ or radio signals Common examples of wireless devices include: –Cellular phones and pagers –Global positioning systems (GPS) –Cordless computer peripherals –Home-entertainment-system control boxes –Two-way radios –Satellite television

7-22 BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES Mobile and wireless are often used synonymously, but actually denote two different technologies –Mobile technology - means the technology can travel with the user, but it is not necessarily in _________ –Wireless technology - gives users a live (Internet) connection via satellite or radio transmitters

7-23 Radio Frequency Identification Radio frequency identification (RFID) - use active or passive tags in the form of chips or smart labels that can store unique identifiers and relay this information to electronic readers RFID tag - contains a microchip and an ________, and typically work by transmitting a serial number via radio waves to an electronic reader, which confirms the identity of a person or object bearing the tag

7-24 THE FUTURE OF WIRELESS