1. NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS /e-Biz Applications
SECTION 10
NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
/e-Biz Applications

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Compare LANs, WANs, and MANs
List and describe the four components that differentiate networks
Compare the two types of network architectures

3. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explain topology and the different types found in networks
Describe TCP/IP along with its primary purpose
Identify the different media types found in networks

4. NETWORK BASICS
Telecommunication system - enable the transmission of data over public or private networks
Network - a communications, data exchange, and resource-sharing system created by linking two or more computers and establishing standards, or protocols, so that they can work together

5. NETWORK BASICS The three types of networks include:
Local area network (LAN)
Metropolitan area network (MAN)
Wide area network (WAN)

6. NETWORK BASICS

7. NETWORK BASICS Networks are differentiated by the following:
Architecture - peer-to-peer, client/server
Topology - bus, star, ring, hybrid, wireless
Protocols - Ethernet, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
Media - coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic

8. ARCHITECTURE There are two primary types of architectures
Peer-to-peer (P2P) network
Client/server network

9. Peer-to-Peer Networks
Peer-to-peer (P2P) network - any network without a central file server and in which all computers in the network have access to the public files located on all other workstations

10. Client/Server Networks
Client - a computer that is designed to request information from a server
Server - a computer that is dedicated to providing information in response to external requests
Client/server network - model for applications in which the bulk of the back-end processing takes place on a server, while the front-end processing is handled by the clients

11. Client/Server Networks
Network operating system (NOS) - the operating system that runs a network, steering information between computers and managing security and users
Packet-switching - occurs when the sending computer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units called packets, each of which contains the address of the destination computer
Router - an intelligent connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward toward its destination

12. Client/Server Networks

13. Client/Server Networks
Worldwide router growth

14. Various Portable Computers
Portable computer (iPad, Galaxy Tap…etc)
Although its fancy appearance, still has some limitations.

15. TOPOLOGY
Network topology - refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers and other network devices) in a network
Bus
Star
Ring
Hybrid
Wireless

16. TOPOLOGY

17. PROTOCOLS
Protocol - a standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission
Interoperability - the capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers

18. Ethernet
Ethernet - a physical and data layer technology for LAN networking

19. Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) - provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private network

20. Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
TCP/IP applications
File transfer protocol (FTP)
Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)
Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
Simple network management Protocol (SNMP)

21. Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol

22. Voice over IP (VoIP)
Voice over IP (VoIP) - uses TCP/IP technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines

23. MEDIA
Network transmission media - refers to the various types of media used to carry the signal between computers
Wire media (guided)
Wireless media (unguided)

24. Wire Media
Wire media - transmission material manufactured so that signals will be confined to a narrow path and will behave predictably
Three most commonly used types include:
Twisted-pair wiring
Coaxial cable
Fiber optic (or optical fiber)

25. Wire Media

26. Wireless Media
Wireless media - natural parts of the Earth’s environment that can be used as physical paths to carry electrical signals

27. E-BUSINESS NETWORKS

28. E-BUSINESS NETWORKS
Virtual private network (VPN) - a way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g., Internet) to provide secure access to an organization’s network
Valued-added network (VAN) - a private network, provided by a third party, for exchanging information through a high capacity connection

29. OPENING CASE QUESTIONS The Digital Hospital
Explain how hospitals are using telecommunication and network technologies to improve their operations
Describe the two different types of network architectures and identify which one Hackensack University Medical Center is using
Explain TCP/IP and the role it plays in Hackensack University Medical Center’s IT projects
Identify a new telecommunication or network product that Hackensack University Medical Center could use to improve its operations

30. WIRELESS COMPUTING / Applications

31. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explain how a wireless device helps an organization conduct business anytime, anywhere, anyplace
Describe RFID and how it can be used to help make a supply chain more effective
List and discuss the key factors inspiring the growth of wireless technologies
Describe the business benefits associated with a mobile enterprise

32. WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI)
Wireless fidelity (wi-fi) – a means of linking computers using infrared or radio signals
Common examples of wireless devices include:
Cellular phones and pagers
Global positioning systems (GPS)
Cordless computer peripherals
Home-entertainment-system control boxes
Two-way radios
Satellite television

33. WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI)
Disruptive wireless technologies
WiMax wireless broadband
Radio frequency identification tags (RFID)
Micro hard drives
Apple’s G5 and AMD’s Athlon 64 processors

34. The Value of Timely Information
Timeliness is an aspect of information that depends on the situation
Real-time information – immediate, up-to-date information
Real-time system – provides real-time information in response to query requests

35. The Value of Timely Information
Real-time systems help organizations make faster and more effective decisions

36. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
Mobile and wireless are often used synonymously, but actually denote two different technologies
Mobile technology - means the technology can travel with the user, but it is not necessarily in real-time
Wireless technology - gives users a live (Internet) connection via satellite or radio transmitters

37. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
Drivers of wireless technology growth include:
Universal access to information and applications
The automation of business processes
User convenience, timeliness, and ability to conduct business 24x7

38. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

39. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
Wireless devices changing business include:
Wireless local area network (wLAN)
Cellular phones and pagers
Cordless computer peripherals
Satellite television
WiMax wireless broadband
Security sensor

40. ADVANTAGES OF ENTERPRISE MOBILITY

41. Bluetooth
Bluetooth – an omnidirectional wireless technology that provides limited-range voice and data transmission over the unlicensed 2.4-GHz frequency band, allowing connections with a wide variety of fixed and portable devices that normally would have to be cabled together

42. Radio Frequency Identification
Radio frequency identification (RFID) - use active or passive tags in the form of chips or smart labels that can store unique identifiers and relay this information to electronic readers
RFID tag - contains a microchip and an antenna, and typically work by transmitting a serial number via radio waves to an electronic reader, which confirms the identity of a person or object bearing the tag

43. RFID

44. RFID

45. Satellite
Microware transmitter – commonly used to transmit network signals over great distances

46. Global Positioning System
Global positioning system (GPS) – a device that determines current latitude, longitude, speed, and direction of movement
Market for GPS services is at $5 billion with expectations for the demand to double over the next five years
Geographic information system (GIS) – designed to work with information that can be shown on a map

47. THE FUTURE OF WIRELESS

48. OPENING CASE QUESTIONS The Digital Hospital
Why is real-time information important to hospitals?
How is Hackensack University Medical Center using wireless technology to improve its operations?
Identify three wireless technologies that are changing the way businesses operate and explain how hospitals can use these technologies to improve their operations

49. CLOSING CASE ONE Tracking Students
Explain the fundamentals of RFID and how it is being used to track students
Describe the ethical dilemmas involved with tracking students with RFID
Identify two types of wireless business opportunities schools could take advantage of to help improve operations

50. CLOSING CASE ONE Tracking Students
How could RFID help schools deal with potential security issues?
Develop a Bluetooth, GPS, or satellite product that schools could use to improve operations
Determine a way that schools could use RFID tags without violating privacy rights

51. E-Biz Application
e-Catalog

52. Contents are important
“What is the most significant issue in maintaining your website?”
43% -- Generating content
17% -- Retaining website staff
16% -- Meeting management goals
14% -- Keeping the site up
10% -- Maintaining site performance
-- E-Commerce Enabler Software; Rapid Growth and Faster Change, Tucker Anthony Cleary Gull

53. E-Catalog Approaches PDF version of print catalog
Hand-crafted Web pages
E-catalog software
Internally developed system
Quality of the result varies depending on the level of time and resources invested.
Contrast “online product selection” (exploration and comparison) with “online selling”

54. PDF Catalogs Unsuitable for browsing online Opaque to search engines
No linking, especially across documents
No integration with shopping carts
No personalization
Resellers can’t reuse
Limited update frequency
PDF files are not interactive (or only slightly so)
Lack of shopping cart integration isn’t a problem for selling to first-time customers of complex products, who usually need to be sold face to face, but repeat customers increasingly want to buy online.
Update frequency is limited either by internal processes (it’s hard to compose a new catalog) or by customer behavior (they’re more likely to print out a PDF catalog and refer to it instead of coming back to the Web site and downloading the PDF again)

55. Hand-Crafted Web Pages
Time-consuming to develop and change
Typically limited in depth and breadth
Out of synch with print catalogs
Broken links
No personalization
Manual reuse
Out of synch: subject to subsequent changes (“improvements”) and inconsistencies

56. E-Catalog Software Moderate integration Lots of “data scrubbing”
Limited descriptive info – just for selling
Point solution
Out of synch with print catalogs
Requires high-level expertise and ongoing maintenance

57. Examples of System Architecture: Web Server with Order Form
Financial Network
Internet
Catalog and Order Database
Buyer with Browser

58. QR Tag Abbreviation for Quick Response Tag
Specific matrix barcode (or two-dimensional code), readable by dedicated QR barcode readersand camera phones.
The code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white background. The information encoded can be text, URL or other data.

59. QR Tag
In 1994 Denso-Wave created two-dimensional barcodes
As the creator intended the code to allow its contents to be decoded at high speed.
QR Codes in Japan, a success since 2003
The technology has seen a large uptake in Japan and South Korea. 59

60. Mobile Tags - Mobile Phone is a Internet Browser
Mobile Phone is a Barcode Scanner
- Mobile Phone is a Internet Browser 60

61. Mobile Tags & Mobile Internet
Always up to date
Interactive
Multimedia (Audio, Video etc.)
Mesurable
%URL : Mobile Website, Direct Download of a Video or Song etc.

62. A name card with QR code