Are you who you think you are? What makes you think so?

Who are the major players?

Humanistic Psychology Sometimes referred to as Phenomenological or Existential Psychology It’s origins go back to Greece and Rome It then reemerges during the late 1700’s into the 1800’s. Sometimes referred to as Phenomenological or Existential Psychology It’s origins go back to Greece and Rome It then reemerges during the late 1700’s into the 1800’s.

Phenomenological - An attempt to capture experience in process as lived, through descriptive analysis. Phenomenology is the careful description of aspects of human life as they are lived. It studies how things appear to consciousness or are given in experience, and not how they are in themselves, even if it is known that the given contains more than or is different from what is presented. (For instance, assault victims may experience fear for months or years after the assault, even when no apparent danger exists. What does this fear mean? Where does it come from? How is it experienced? The answers bring us closer to the phenomenon that is lived. A method of learning about another person by listening to their descriptions of what their subjective world is like for them, together with an attempt to understand this in their own terms as fully as possible, free of our preconceptions and interferences. In ordinary life, we "capture" and conceptualize everything, using our preconceptions to turn everything into something other than it actually is, one or two steps removed from direct unfiltered experience. Phenomenology strives to clarify our receiving abilities and rediscover the actuality of what is. Phenomenological - An attempt to capture experience in process as lived, through descriptive analysis. Phenomenology is the careful description of aspects of human life as they are lived. It studies how things appear to consciousness or are given in experience, and not how they are in themselves, even if it is known that the given contains more than or is different from what is presented. (For instance, assault victims may experience fear for months or years after the assault, even when no apparent danger exists. What does this fear mean? Where does it come from? How is it experienced? The answers bring us closer to the phenomenon that is lived. A method of learning about another person by listening to their descriptions of what their subjective world is like for them, together with an attempt to understand this in their own terms as fully as possible, free of our preconceptions and interferences. In ordinary life, we "capture" and conceptualize everything, using our preconceptions to turn everything into something other than it actually is, one or two steps removed from direct unfiltered experience. Phenomenology strives to clarify our receiving abilities and rediscover the actuality of what is.

THE EXISTENTIAL DIMENSION: Phenomenology is a way of unfolding the dimensions of human experience; how we exist in, live in, our world. It examines: a. What is distinct in each person's experience b. What is common to the experience of groups of people who have shared the same events or circumstances Existentialism, deriving its insights from phenomenology, is the philosophical attitude that views human life from the inside rather than pretending to understand it from an outside, "objective" point-of-view.

Determinism - the assumption that all behavior has a specific cause. (Behaviorism and Psychodynamic approaches are based on the belief in determinism) Choices - the humanistic philosophy is that we make choices based on our phenomenological or existential experience. Intentionality - Franz Brentano - Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint - Intentionality or immanent objectivity - the idea that what makes mind different from things is that mental acts are always directed at something beyond themselves: Seeing implies something seen, willing means something willed, imagining implies something imagined, judging points at something judged. Determinism - the assumption that all behavior has a specific cause. (Behaviorism and Psychodynamic approaches are based on the belief in determinism) Choices - the humanistic philosophy is that we make choices based on our phenomenological or existential experience. Intentionality - Franz Brentano - Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint - Intentionality or immanent objectivity - the idea that what makes mind different from things is that mental acts are always directed at something beyond themselves: Seeing implies something seen, willing means something willed, imagining implies something imagined, judging points at something judged. Assumptions

Carl Rogers We are living creatures - we are born, we live and we die. Biological imperative Actualizing tendency Rogers pioneered a major new approach to therapy, known successively as the "non- directive," "client-centered," and "person-centered" approach.

Personality Development According to Rogers the following is needed to develop your personality and for personal growth. Need for positive regard Conditions of worth (the would-should dilemma) Introjection of values

Positive Regard Unconditional positive regard Conditional positive regard

Congruence & Conditions for Growth 1. Unconditional positive regard 2. Openness 3. Empathy

Unconditional Positive Regard Defined by Rogers as acceptance and caring given to a person as a human being, without imposing conditions on how the person behaves.

Openness Defined by Rogers as “a person freely expressing their own sense of self, rather than playing a role or hiding behind a façade”

Empathy Defined by Rogers as “the ability to understand another person’s perceptions and feelings.” (Beware of the Fundamental Attribution Error)

The Phenomenal Field and the Self Phenomenal field - is referred to by Rogers as an individual’s unique perception of the world. We perceive our world by our “perceptual map” Self - according to Rogers is an organized consistent gestalt constantly... forming and reforming.”