Agenda – Tuesday, April 15 th  Therapy Reading Quiz  Overview of therapy perspectives  Case study example  Homework: NONE

St. Mary of Bethlehem – BEDLAM

Psychoanalysis  Cause of Behavior  Behavior comes from unresolved conflicts, usually stemming from childhood  Goal of Treatment  Utilize free association and insight to understand current problems  Encouraged to talk openly about issues  Therapist offers an interpretation of items brought to the surface

Key Terms  When a patient unconsciously avoids discussing a topic  Patient transfers feeling for subject or person being discussed to the therapist ResistanceTransference

Which is which?

Humanistic (Client-Centered)  Cause of Behavior  Positive growth and potential is blocked by an unfriendly environment  Everyone is able to grow into the best person they can be  Goal of Treatment  Therapist gives unconditional positive regard  Promotes rational thinking as the solution to problems  Clients should solve their own problems by the end

Key Terms  Echoing, restating, or clarifying what a client has just said. Helps acknowledge the feelings the person has  Psychotherapy with more than one client  Usually run by a layperson (aka non professional)  Allows people to cope and grow together Active ListeningGroup Therapy

Behavioral  Cause of Behavior  People have been punished and rewarded into behaving and thinking in maladaptive ways  Goal of Treatment  If it was conditioned into existence, it can be conditioned out  Use exposure therapies and desensitization to change how people behave around certain stimuli  Goal is to shape behavior 

Agenda – Thursday, April 17 th  Finish therapy perspective notes  Alternative therapy readings  Homework: Exam #5 MONDAY!!

Key Words  Replace a regular stimulus with one that provides negative results to increase fear or anxiety of it  Goal is to reduce unpleasant behaviors  People are provided with rewards upon changing and altering their behavior  This is how prisons and rehab centers function Aversive ConditioningToken Economy

Cognitive Therapy  Cause of Behavior  The way a person thinks and perceives the world is leading to maladaptive behavior…leads to anxiety  Someone who believes it is acceptable to steal and murder needs to fix their thought patterns  Goal of Treatment  To change the way someone thinks about a stimulus AND the way they act around the stimulus  Behaviors and thoughts must be practiced

Key Words  People need to stop looking at the catastrophic effect of their behavior and focus instead on the positive Beck’s Therapy for Depression

Biomedical  Cause of Behavior  A chemical imbalance and/or medical condition is causing someone’s behavior to be anxious, erratic, and uncontrollable  Behavior cannot be controlled or fixed through talk therapy  Goal of Treatment  Medicine, prescriptions (such as antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic drugs), and surgeries ensure control within the brain

Key Terms  Controversial therapy where patients receive brief, repetitive electric shocks to the brain to stop anxious feelings  Controversial therapy where a doctor relieves tension in the prefrontal cortex by inserting an icepick or sharp object through the eye socket and into the brain ECTPrefrontal lobotomy

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)  Brief electrical current sent through entire brain  Used to treat Depression  Effect is temporary, causes memory loss & seizures Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Only penetrates to the Brain’s surface No Side Effects