Chemistry Atomic structure Chapter 4, and Chapter 5, p. 146-148.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

History at a Glance Atoms.

Advertisements

The Structure of the Atom

Introduction to the Atom and Atomic Models

Democritus – 460 – 370 BC p. 101 Matter consisted of tiny particles “atomos” Ideas were wrong P. 122 – Q - 35.

The Atom Section Notes.

Atomic Theory “History of. . . ”.

Atomic Structure Topic 3.

The History of the Atom.

Chapter 2 Atoms, molecules, and ions

Chapter 2 The composition and Structure of the Atom Denniston Topping Caret 4 th Edition Copyright  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required.

Honors Chemistry Chapter 4 The Structure of the Atom.

Introduction to the Atom and Atomic Models

11 Atomic Theory. 2 A HISTORY OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM.

The Structure of the Atom And Electrons in Atoms

History of Atomic Theory

History of Atomic Structure

Atomic Theory-Democritus

What are important discoveries related to the structure of an atom?

Chemistry Sheds Light on Our Lives Unit 4 Atoms and Light

Chapter 4: Discovery of Atomic Structure. Prentice Hall © 2003Chapter 2 The Discovery of Atomic Structure An ancient Greek named Democritus was the first.

Chemistry: Matter and Chemical Bonding Early Atomic Theories.

Atomic Theory Chapter 3 Sections 1 &2 9/18/14.

Chapter 2: The Atom Atom: The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of the element.

Chapter 4 Structure of the Atom. History In the 1800’s, early philosophers believed all matter consisted of either air, earth, water, or fire. In the.

Atomic Structure.

The Parts of an Atom.

FAMOUS SCIENTISTS ATOMIC MASS ATOMIC NUMBER ATOMIC.

Atomic Theory: the beginning Chapter 3 Part I. Democritus An Ancient Greek Theorized about the existence of atoms. Did not use Scientific Method.

Atomic Structure. Way Early Theories Democritus ( BC) –First person to propose that matter is not infinitely divisible –Atomos –Matter is empty.

The Atom Chapter 4.

The Scientific Method. Scientific Method Scientific Method A series of logical steps to follow, including experimentation, in order to solve problems.

The Structure of the Atom

Atomic Theory 15,000 kilotons.  Dismissed idea of the atom. Early Greeks Two schools of thought:  Matter is made of indestructible particles called.

History of the Atom Democritus Democritus: It was 400 BC when he came up with the idea that matter could not be divided indefinitely. This lead to the.

The Chemical Behavior of Atoms Day 1. Curriculum  Big Idea: Atomic theory is the foundation for the study of chemistry.  Concept: Energy is absorbed.

Go to section Chapter 4 Atomic Structure. Go to section History of Atom Democritus (2500 YEARS AGO) Greek philosopher –Atmos – “uncut” or “indivisible”

The Development of the Atomic Theory. Dalton’s Atomic Theory founder of the atomic theory atoms in Greek means indivisible, indestructible 1.All matter.

The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Chemistry: Matter and Change.

Development of Atomic Theory Ancient Times | Dalton's Postulates | Thomson's Discovery of Electron Properties | Rutherford's Nuclear Atom | Bohr's Nuclear.

EARLY ATOMIC THEORY CHAPTER 3. THE ATOM: FROM PHILOSOPHY TO SCIENTIFIC THEORY 400 BC – Democritus came up with the idea of the ________ Nature’s basic.

Evolution of the Atomic Theory. Greek Philosophy (400 BC) Democritus “All matter is made of atoms” Philosophy is knowledge gained only by observation.

Solid, homogeneous, indestructible and indivisible (400 BC)

Unit 4: Atomic Theory Structure of the Atom (& Radioactivity)

1 The Structure of the Atom. 2 Early Theories of Matter.

1 Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements 4.3 The Atom Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Brief History of Atomic Theory. 1 st atomic models In 400 BC, the model looked like a solid indivisible ball In 400 BC, the model looked like a solid.

Chemistry Chapter 4 Notes #1 09/10/10. Democritus Matter is composed of empty space where atoms move Atoms are solid, homogenous, indivisible, and indestructible.

The Atom, Periodic Table, and Chemical Reactions Mrs. Hooks Unit 3.

Unit 3 History of the Atom.

Rev 6/7/ BC Atomic Model Development.

The Structure of the Atom

CP Chemistry Chapter 8 Atomic Theory Subatomic Particles Protons Protons Neutrons Neutrons Electrons Electrons.

Atomic Models. Atomic Theories Atomic Theory – A Short History  Fifth Century, BCE  Democritus  Believed matter was composed of very small, individual.

The Atom - Scientists. Philosophers Democritus – believed matter was not infinitely divisible THERE WERE NO EXPERIMENTS TO TEST HIS IDEAS Matter is composed.

Subatomic Particles protons, neutrons and electrons.

Chapter 2 Matter is Made up of Atoms. Section 2.1 Section 2.2 Atom Atomic Theory Hypothesis Theory Scientific Law Electron Proton Isotope Neutron Nucleus.

Greek Philosop hers Dalton’ s Atomic Theory How atoms differ Radioac tivity Types of radiatio n The atom Subatomic.

History of the Atom. Atoms and Elements Any material that is composed of only one type of atom is called an element. An atom is the smallest particle.

POD Who were the major scientists involved in discovering the model of the atom?

The Structure of the Atom Chemistry – Chapter 4. Early Theories of Matter Philosophers ◦ Democritus was first to propose Atomic Theory:  Matter composed.

ATOMIC SCIENTISTS Video 3.1. Dalton (1808) Experiments lead to his discoveries:  Elements are made up of identical atoms which cannot be created or destroyed.

Unit 3 – Atomic Structure. Chapter 3 section 1 Two early thoughts on atomic structure Aristotle Democritus.

ATOM Early Thoughts Greeks matter is made up of particles--4 elements 4 elements --air--fire--water- -- earth Aristotle-- Continuous theory Democritus.

1803 John Dalton Father of the Modern Atomic Theory

Atomic Structure Ch. 3.

Test 4: Chapter 4 – Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure Regents Review.

Aim: What is the structure of the Atom?

The Structure of the Atom

Presentation transcript:

Chemistry Atomic structure Chapter 4, and Chapter 5, p

Today’s summary 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, P Webquest on atomic emission spectra

4.1 history of the atom in thought Early ideas about matter Democritus John Dalton – Daltons atomic theory vs Democritus – Dalton = scientific method for experimental evidence

4.1 conservation of mass Mass, matter is not created or destroyed in ordinary chemical reactions Nuclear reactions are a separate topic; NOT ordinary

4.2 Defining the Atom How we discovered the structure of the atom Who, which experiments

First Electrons In CRTs, cathode ray tubes Stream of electrons was observed Sir William Crookes Mass and charge: J.J. Thompson Electromagnetic fields There is a particle smaller than an atom

Mass of electron Thompson was able to determine the charge to mass ratio of the charged particle Milikan calculated the mass of an electron Robert Milikan-oil drop experiment- determined charge of an electron

The plum pudding (blueberry muffin model) Created by JJ Thomson The model was a circle with electrons in a disorganized pattern The model was changed to Rutherford’s model

The nucleus Rutherford – The Gold Foil Experiment Protons and neutrons make up the dense center Protons have positive charge Neutrons have negative charge Incredibly dense

Nucleus, slide 2 Positively charged nucleus react with positive alpha particles casing deflections Electrons around the nucleus are negatively charged

Completing the model of the atom Made of 3 subatomic – electron, proton, and neutron. Atoms are shaped with small dense nucleus of positive charge surrounded by negative charge Mostly consisted of fast moving electrons

4.3 how atoms differ Atomic number Henry Moseiev discovered that atoms of each element contain a unique positive charge in their nuclei # of protons in an atom identifies it as an atom of a particular element. # of protons= atomic # and # of electrons

Isotopes and mass number Isotopes: atoms with the same # of protons but different #’s of neutrons Mass of Isotopes: isotopes containing more neutrons have a greater mass Isotope Notation: each isotope of an element is identified with a # called the mass # Mass # = Atomic # + # of Neutrons

Mass of atoms The atomic mass unit is what you measure the mass of an atom with The atomic mass is the weighted average mass of the isotopes. The atomic mass unit is one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom. The standard of atomic mass unit is Carbon-12, AMU is one-twelfth the mass of carbon atom Atomic mass depends on the number of protons and neutrons

Atomic Emission Spectra Electromagnetic Radiation- A form of energy exhibiting wavelike behavior as it travels through space (described by wave length, frequency, amplitude, and speed) Electromagnetic Spectrum- Includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation Atomic Emission Spectrum- A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element, consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors.

p When atoms have no added energy they are in their ground state. When atoms acquire energy their electrons become exited and orbit at a further distance from the nucleus. Bohr assigned each orbit a different value called a quantum number. When the atom returns to its ground state the electrons revert to their closer orbits which release light energy that can be observed as the atomic emission spectrum.