Dental and Pharmacy Skills

Identify the Teeth  Incisors- Located in the front and center - Broad, sharp edge -used to cut food  Cuspids- Also called canines, or eyeteeth -Located at angles of lips -used to tear food -longest teeth in the mouth  Bicuspids- Also called premolars -located before molars, from front to back -used to pulverize or grind food

Identify the Teeth  Molars -Teeth in the back of the mouth -largest and strongest teeth -used to grind food  Primary/Deciduous -First set of teeth -”Baby Teeth” -Spacing for permanent teeth  Maxillary -Located in the sockets, or alveoli or upper jaw bone.

Identify the Teeth  Mandibular- Located in the alveoli or the mandible, or lower jaw bone.  Secondary/Permanent- Second set of teeth, There are 32.

Identifying Dental Instruments  Explorer- Used to examine teeth, detect carious lesions and note other oral conditions.

Identifying Dental Instruments  Root Elevator- Used in extractions.

Identifying Dental Instruments Excavator- Used to remove caries and refine the internal parts of the cavity.

Identifying Dental Instruments  Mouth Mirror- Used in every basic tray set-up

Roman Numeral Equivalents ArabicRoman 1I 2II 3III 4IV 5V 6VI 7VII 8VIII 9IX ArabicRoman 10X 20XX 30XXX 40XL 50L 100C 500D 1,000M

Using Roman Numerals  Used for some drugs and solutions  Used for ordering some supplies  KEY NUMERALS: I, V, X, C, D, M  Usually, no more that 3 of any one Roman Numeral is used to represent a number.

Using Roman Numerals  If the numeral for a smaller number is used after the numeral for a larger number, all of the numbers are added together.  If the numeral for a smaller number is used in front of the numeral for a larger number, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number.

Conversions  1 Liter = 1000 ml/cc  1oz. = 30 ml/cc  1pt. = 1000 ml/cc  Celsius to Fahrenheit (C x 1.8)+32=F  Fahrenheit to Celsius (F-32)/1.8=C  15gtt.s (drops) = 1ml  1liter =10 deciliters  30cc = 1oz.  1 Cup = 8oz.  1 inch = 2.54 cm  1m = 3.28 ft  1 Tsp = 5 ml/cc  1ft. = 12 inches  1gallon = 4 qt.  Formula to change lb. to kg = ld/2.2  Formula to change kg. to lb. = kg. *2.2

Routine Oral Hygiene  Involves tooth brushing and flossing.  Should be done at least 3 times a day.  Provide necessary equipment such as toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, mouthwash, emesis, basin, cup, and water.  Assist the patient as needed.

Oral Hygiene  Benefits of Oral Hygiene include:  Provides Comfort  Stimulates the appetite  Prevents disease and dental caries.  Helps prevent bad breath (halitosis)  Stimulates saliva production which contains digestive enzymes and promotes digestion.

EWWWW!!!! NOT GOOD ORAL HYGIENE!!!!

BAD ORAL HYGIENE!!!

Denture Care  Provide privacy for the patient.  Have patient remove dentures if able.  Place dentures in a denture cup to carry to sink.  Use warm water to clean dentures.  Hold dentures securely. Let patient rinse mouth and brush gums.  Store dentures in a denture cup labeled with patient’s name.

Universal Method  The Universal Method uses upper case letters to identify the deciduous teeth.  There are 20 teeth in the deciduous set.

Name and Location  The proper terms for the two front teeth are the Right and Left Central incisors.  The Mandibular teeth are located in the lower jaw bone.

Medication  Use the PDR section product identification to look up pills.  If a patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting the physician prescribe Phenergan. The form of the medication that would be most appropriate for the patient would be a suppository.  Lozenge- Medication that is in the form of a large flat disc that dissolves in the mouth.  A type of medication that would be applied topically would be ointment

5 basic Rights to Medication Safety 1.) Right Patient: Is this the patient's medication or is it for someone else? 2.) Right Dose: How many tablets or doses are to be taken each day? How many times each day? 3.) Right Route: PO, Suppository, SQ, Sublingual, Topical, IV, or Intradermal. 4.) Right Time: What time of day should the medication be taken? What about food? Should it taken before a meal, with a meal, after a meal, or with a snack? 5.) Right medication