UNIT 2 – THE MIDDLE AGES FEUDALISM Chapter 13 – European Middle Ages Chapter 14 – the Formation of Western Europe FEUDALISM

OBJECTIVES CORE OBJECTIVE: Describe the political structures and systems that changed Europe during the Middle Ages and the Formation of Western Europe Objective 2.2: Summarize the impact of feudalism & the code of chivalry Objective 2.3: Describe the Christian Church’s structure and influence on Europe THEME: Europe will become fragmented during its decline after the fall of Rome and new cultures will emerge.

European Middle Ages, 500–1200 UNIT 2 - CHAPTER 13 Feudalism in Europe SECTION 1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms Feudalism in Europe SECTION 2 The Age of Chivalry SECTION 3 SECTION 4 The Power of the Church These are my notes for slide 2

FUEDALISM IN EUROPE CHAPTER 13 SECTION 2 Feudalism, a political and economic system based on land-holding and protective alliances, emerges in Europe.

Invaders Attack The Vikings Invade from the North WRITE THIS DOWN! The Vikings Invade from the North Warlike Vikings raid Europe from Scandinavia Viking were seafaring nomadic Germanic tribes, called Northmen Eventually, many Vikings adopt Christianity and become farmers Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South Magyars (Hungarian nomads) invade western Europe in late 800s Muslims strike north from Africa, attacking through Italy and Spain Viking, Magyar, Muslim invasions cause widespread disorder, suffering

VIKING SHIPS Viking long ships sail in shallow water, allowing raids inland up rivers 72 oars, 20 tons, could sail in 3 ft of water

European Invasions

FEUDALISM Feudalism Structures Society The Feudal Pyramid WRITE THIS DOWN! Feudalism Structures Society 850 to 950, FEUDALISM emerges—political system based on land control A lord (landowner) gives fiefs (land grants) in exchange for services Vassals—people who receive fiefs—become powerful landholders The Feudal Pyramid Power in feudal system much like a pyramid, with king at the top Kings served by nobles who are served by knights; peasants at bottom Knights—horsemen—defend their lord’s land in exchange for fiefs

Medieval feudal system classifies people into three social groups THE FEUDAL PYRAMID those who fight: nobles and knights those who pray: monks, nuns, leaders of the Church those who work: peasants

SOCIAL CLASSES Social class is usually inherited; majority of people are peasants Most peasants are serfs — people lawfully bound to place of birth Serfs aren’t slaves, but what they produce belongs to their lord WRITE THIS DOWN!

THE MANOR SYSTEM The lord’s estate, a manor, has an economic (business) system: Serfs maintain the lord’s estate, give grain The lord provides housing, farmland, protection from bandits A Self-Contained World Medieval manors include lord’s house, church, workshops, village Manors cover a few square miles of land, are largely self- sufficient WRITE THIS DOWN!

Research – Manor Life pg. 362 #1 - What is located on a medieval Manor? #2 - How many families live in the village? #3 - What do the peasants produce? #4 - What type of taxes do peasants pay? #5 - What was the general life expectancy of a peasant? #6 - How far did they travel during their lifetime?