1 SCRUM 22/02/2009 By Siemen Bastiaens >>

2 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

3 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

4 Born out of frustration with modern approaches and traditional views on software development. (current approach does’nt work!) Traditional view on software development -> enough planning & analysis will automatically lead to flawless product delivery. Large projects fail more than not – still some small Indi’s seem to produce fenomenal software! Why? How! Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

5 What did the successfull Indi’s have in common? Although there was a wide variaty in appoach, they all adhered to the same ‘values’ that were condensed in the Agile Manifesto by Agile guru’s (Ken Swabber, Alister Cockburn, Jeff Sutherland,...) Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

6 Manifesto for Agile Software Development Individuals and Interactions Working Software Customer Collaboration Responding to Change Over –Process and Tools Over –Comprehensive Documentation Over –Contract Negotiation Over –Following a Plan While there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more: Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

7 The problem in our profession is not process or technology … it is people and dysfunctional interactions. For the largest part, Agile is an attitude towards software development, NOT a specific way of working. Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

8 In short: -Agile recognises the fact that software development is an empirical process, not a defined one. -In software development, there are not a lot of certainties (except for false ones). Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

9 Defined Process Works for known activity Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

10 Not great for unknown activity $7 million budget $120 million final Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

11 One of the greatest benefits of an agile approach is not an easy one to appreciate : –> It forces us to recognize that there are some things we just don’t know. –> Use it as guide to determine the following: ‘Am I fooling myself’ Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

12 Lots of Agile frameworks and practices: –XP (eXtreme Programming) –Rapid Application Development (RAD) –SCRUM –Feature Driven Development –... Scrum Intro –Agile Movement & Manifesto

13 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

14 Scrum is an agile framework and should not be confused with other agile practices or techniques like XP. Pair programming, test driven development, continuous integration, user stories, Agile planning... The things above are NOT part of scrum, but are often used together with scrum. Scrum Intro –What scrum is NOT

15 Scrum is a framework, NOT a practical guide to success => no ‘silver bullet’ It focusses on the WHAT, not on the HOW. It is NOT easy to do, but easy to understand. (Attitude) Scrum Intro –What scrum is NOT

16 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

17 What is Scrum? –(Agile) Development framework based on adaptable process control Scrum Principles –Self managing and organizing teams –Inspect & Adapt –Transparency –Time-Boxes –Quality is never sacrificed to make dates –Extremely simple, but very hard to implement successfully Scrum Intro – What scrum is

18 3 roles –Product Owner, Scrum Master, Team Member 2 artifacts –Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog 4 meeting types –Planning meeting, demo meeting, daily standup & sprint retrospective. One overall sequence of events (flow) Scrum Intro - Agenda

19 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responsabilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

20 Product Owner –Defines the features of the product and the release plan –Prioritizes features according to market value –Ultimate arbitrator on requirements issues –Can change features and priority every iteration –Accepts or rejects work results –Decides whether to continue development –Responsible for the return on investment Scrum Intro – Roles and Responsabilities

21 ScrumMaster –Leader and facilitator, not a manager of the team –Acts as a barrier between the team and the rest of the organization –Improves the lives of the team members by facilitating creativity and empowerment –Improves the productivity of the team in any way possible –Improves the engineering practices and tools so that each increment of functionality is potentially shippable –Assess and ensure that organizational impediments are being worked in priority order to change the organization to get the most value from its software development investment Scrum Intro – Roles and Responsabilities

22 Scrum Team –Self organizing –Cross-functional QA, Engineers, UI Designers, etc. –Ideal size: 7 +/- 2 –Responsible for committing to work –Authority to do whatever it takes to meet commitment –Works in an open, collocated space –Works to resolve conflicts and escalate them when necessary –Works at a sustainable pace Scrum Intro – Roles and Responsabilities

23 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

24 Product Backlog –List of feature stories, non-functional requirements, defects, and infrastructure items (can be anything, but must be understood by team & product owner) –Continually updated, prioritized, and estimated –More detail on higher priority items –One list for multiple teams –Anyone can contribute / Product Owner sets priority –Maintained and publicly available –“If it is not on the Product Backlog, it doesn’t exist” – Jeff Sutherland Scrum Intro - Artifacts

25 Product Backlog (example) Scrum Intro - Artifacts

26 Product Backlog should be accompanied by a well defined Definition of Done (DoD). Example: A backlog item is considered 'Done' when: - The unit tests have been encoded - It is implemented to satisfy the unit tests (90% coverage) - The code is documented - The (documented) code has been reviewed by/with a peer - Technical documentation about the item has been reviewed by a functional analyst - Functional documentation has been reviewed by the developer - Working of the item has been demonstrated Scrum Intro - Artifacts

27 Sprint Backlog –Committed list of stories and tasks to be completed within an iteration –Tasks turn Product Backlog into working functionality –Tasks are estimated in hours, usually 1 – 16. –If work is unclear, define a placeholder task. Longer tasks are broken down before starting to work on them. –Team members sign up for tasks, they are not assigned –Team members should not sign up for tasks prematurely –Estimated work remaining is updated daily –Work for an iteration emerges. Any team members can add, delete, or change tasks Scrum Intro - Artifacts

28 Sprint Backlog (example) Scrum Intro - Artifacts

29 Sprint Burndown (example) Scrum Intro - Artifacts

30 Sprint Burndown (example) Scrum Intro - Artifacts

31 Sprint Backlog (board) Scrum Intro - Artifacts

32 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

33 Overview – Assuming a 30 day iteration Day 1: Sprint Planning Meetings Days 2 -> 29: Daily Scrums Day 30: Review (4-5h) & Retrospective (3-4h) All meetings are timeboxes: duration is fixed in advance. If time is up, we go with what we have. Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

34 Daily Standup Dialy 15 minute status meeting Same place & time every day Three questions: What did you do since last meeting (yesterday)? What will you do before next meeting (tomorrow)? Do you need/can you use any help or assistance? Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

35 Remember me? Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

36 Demo Meeting (Sprint Review) Team demonstrates completed stories to Product Owner and other stakeholders (customers, management, etc.) ScrumMaster only allows stories to be demonstrated that are done No use of PowerPoint – demo software as if to a customer Team allocated 2 hours to prepare for demo => Afterward, sprint backlog gets reordered based on the new information. Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

37 Planning meeting Team and Product Owner agree about what items from the backlog will be implemented in the next sprint (2h). Team must formally accept the work (commitment!). Afterwards, Team takes the time (2h) to fill up the Sprint Backlog with the items it has committed to. Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

38 Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

39 Scrum Intro – Meetings & Timings

40 Scrum Intro - Agenda  Agile movement & manifesto  What Scrum is not  What Scrum IS  Roles & responisbilities  Artifacts  Meetings and timings  Pittfals (why is scrum hard)

41 -> brings problems to the surface -> attitude, not a recipe for success -> seems simple: beginners will forget the need for a vision! -> a strong product owner makes or breaks the project -> organizational obstacles: ‘traditional’ views run deep -> asks a lot of commitment and responsibility of the team. Some people (analysts, developers, …) are not up to this! Scrum Intro – Why is Scrum hard?

42 Q & A