Succeeding with Technology Telecom, Wireless & Networks Fundamentals Media, Devices, and Software Wireless Telecommunications Networks and Distributed Computing Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer Chapter 5

Succeeding with Technology Telecommunications Telecommunications: The electronic transmission of signals over a medium for communications. (cables or air) Sender and Receiver must “speak” the same language.

Succeeding with Technology Voice Communication It has been said that only about 16% of spoken communication is verbal Sound waves  demodemo  demodemo Wave characteristics:  Frequency  Amplitude  Phase

Succeeding with Technology Types of Signals Analog Signal: transmit sound using continuously varying levels of voltage. Digital Signal: transmits data using two discrete states of voltage: high and low

Succeeding with Technology Modulation More about waves  Different waves Different waves  Electromagnetic waves Electromagnetic waves Analog modulation  AM  FM Examples

Succeeding with Technology Digital Modulation What might FSK Look like?

Succeeding with Technology Signal Frequency Frequency: the speed at which a signal changes from high to low. Bandwidth: the range of signal frequencies that can be sent over a given medium at the same time.  Often expressed as bits per second  Broadband: typically 2 – 5 Mbps

Succeeding with Technology 5.2 Networking Media, Devices, and Software Twisted pair cable Coaxial cable Fiber-optic cable Radio wave Modem Network adapter Microwave transmission Communications satellite Ethernet Key Terms The fundamental components of telecommunications networks

Succeeding with Technology Networking Media Twisted Pair Cable Used for traditional phone lines, twisted pairs of wires in plastic sheathing. Coaxial Cable Used for home cable TV, thick copper core wire – faster than twisted pair. Fiber Optic Cable Thin strands of glass are used to send light beams – highest bandwidth cable, most expensive. Radio Waves Electromagnetic waves transmitted through the air at various frequencies.

Succeeding with Technology Radio Waves Radio waves use differing frequencies to carry many types of information:  AM & FM Radio  Short Wave & CB Radio  Television Broadcasts  Garage Doors Openers  Baby Monitors  Cordless Phones  Cell Phones  Radio Controlled Cars and Airplanes  Global Positioning Systems  Wireless Computer Networks  Microwave Communications

Succeeding with Technology EHF SHF UHF VHF HF MF LF VLF AM Radio ( kHz) FM Radio ( MHz) CB Radio ( MHz) TV CH 2-6 (54-88 MHz) TV CH 7-13 ( MHz) Cordless Phones (40-50 MHz) Cell Phones ( MHz) Air traffic Control (960-1,215 MHz) Global Positioning System 1.23 and 1.58 GHz 10 kHz 30 kHz 300kHz 3 MHz 30 MHz MHz 2.9 GHz 30 GHz 900-MHz cordless phones Deep space radio communications ( GHz) The Radio Spectrum Wi-fi Wireless Networks (2.4 GHz) 300 GHz The complete picture

Succeeding with Technology Networking Devices Modem: modulates and demodulates signals from one form to another. Network Adapter: Expansion card, or external device installed on a computing device used to connect to a network.

Succeeding with Technology Networking Devices Network Control Devices:  Hub/Switch Controls flow of data between devices on a network  Router Routs packets to destinations and connects one network to another  Wireless Access Point Allows devices to connect wirelessly to a wired network

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15 High-frequency radio signals sent up to 30 miles through the air. Microwave Communications

Succeeding with Technology 16 Microwave Communications Line-of-sight communications !

Succeeding with Technology 17 Microwave Communications SatelliteTransmission Line-of-sight required

Succeeding with Technology 5.3 Wireless Telecommunications Technologies Cellular network Cellular carrier Global positioning system Wireless fidelity (wi-fi) WiMAX Bluetooth Radio frequency identification Near-field communication (NFC) Key Terms

Succeeding with Technology Cell Phone Technologies A cellular network is a radio network in which a geographic area is divided into cells, with a transmission tower and station at the center of each cell, to support mobile communications.

Succeeding with Technology Cell Phone Technologies A cellular carrier is a company that builds and maintains a cellular network and provides cell phone service to the public.

Succeeding with Technology GSM and CDMA Digital networking standards for cell phone networks are GSM and CDMA. GSM is the most popular global standard for mobile phones The CDMA networking standard is predominantly used in the United States where it is in equal competition with GSM. GSMCDMA AT&T T-Mobile Verizon Sprint

Succeeding with Technology GSM and CDMA GSM Phones include a subscriber identity module (SIM) for security and convenient data transfer between phones. GSMCDMA AT&T T-Mobile Verizon Sprint

Succeeding with Technology Wireless Technologies Aircraft Navigation The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. How GPS works

Succeeding with Technology Wireless Technologies Wireless Fidelity (IEEE s), or Wi-fi, is wireless networking technology that makes use of access points to connect devices to networks. Access Point 250-1,000 ft range b 4.5 Mbps g 11 Mbps n 74 Mbps

Succeeding with Technology Wireless Technologies WiMAX (IEEE ) is the next generation broadband technology that is both faster and has a longer range than Wi-fi – 31 miles! Seattle’s Space Needle To Become WiMax Antenna

Succeeding with Technology Wireless Technologies Bluetooth is wireless technology that enables a wide variety of digital devices to communicate directly. 33 ft range 1 Mbps

Succeeding with Technology Bluetooth

Succeeding with Technology Wireless Technologies Infrared (IrDA) technology utilizes infrared rays to send data over a short distance wirelessly. 14 ft range Narrow-angle cone (30 o ) Line-of-sight 4-16 Mbps

Succeeding with Technology Wireless Comparison Wi-fiAccess point centered LAN Omni- direction Through obstructions 250 ft range indoors 11 Mbps BluetoothPoint-to- point Omni- direction Through obstructions 33 ft1 Mbps InfraredPoint-to- point Narrow- angle Line-of-sight14 ft4 Mbps