What is Matter?

Matter  Objects that you can see and touch, all around you.  All living things, you  The air  Anything that has mass and takes up space  You are matter, your hair, nails, legs and eyes. (all of you)  The shoes you are wearing are matter  On your desk list 3 pieces of matter….

Matter = MASS  Anything that has mass and takes up space, “STUFF”  This is important in Chemistry because  Chemistry is the study of matter and the types of changes that matter undergoes, including energy changes.  Mass- the measure of the amount of matter.  Balance scale can determine mass.  kg is the standard unit of measurement. (metric)

Mass vs. Weight  They are closely related but not the same.  Mass describes the amount of matter an object has.  Weight describes how strongly gravity is pulling on that matter. Force of gravity on an object.  On your desk draw a picture of what you think weight would look like….

Volume  Refers to the amount of space an object or a substance takes up.  A bowling ball vs. a basket ball  Same size but different weight. The have approximately the same volume because they take up the same amount of space. Not the same weight.

Volume has a Formula  Volume= length X width X height  V = (l)(w)(h)  Lets try some sample problems….  You can also measure volume by displacement, we will learn that later.

Matter is Divided Into 3 Categories  Solid  Liquid  Gas- has mass and take up space  With a shoulder partner think of some things that aren’t matter?

Matter Part 2 SUBATOMIC PARTICLES

Atoms (Particles)  Atoms: Tiny particles that make up all matter.  Basic building blocks of matter  Atoms are too small to see- even through a powerful microscope  Atoms are made up of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons  Nucleus is what the center is called

Protons  Protons-  Have a positive charge (+)  They are in the nucleus- center of the atom  They have a mass of 1 amu amu - atomic mass unit

Neutrons  Neutrons-  Have no charge  Are located in the nucleus- center of the atom  They have a mass of 1 amu amu - atomic mass unit

Electrons  Electrons-  Have a negative charge (-)  Are located outside the nucleus in what is called an electron cloud.  Have a mass of 0 amu amu - atomic mass unit

Let’s listen to a song…

Take notes on Subatomic Particles ….

More notes….then we should have it…

Elements  90 naturally occurring atoms, elements.  Scientist have been able to make up about 25 more.  There are more than 100 basic kinds of matter, called elements.  Common ones are iron, gold, and oxygen.  Each element has it’s own unique kind of atom.  Atoms from any element are all alike but different from the atoms of any other element.

Molecule  Particles  When two of more atoms stick together to form a larger particle.  A water molecule is made from  2 atoms of hydrogen  1 atom of oxygen

Why is this important?  Understanding atoms and molecules makes it possible to explain and predict  It explains why different materials have different characteristics  It will predict how a material will change when heated or cooled  It help us figure out how to combine atoms and molecules to make new and useful materials, plastic.