Please read pages Define rockets Beginning, important dates, and important people/country, and how they work.

Use the words and/or phrases on the next page, to complete your notes. We will check it together during discussion.

Chinese Father of Rocket Theory Action Suborbital velocity Rocket experiments Father of modern Rocketry Thrust Orbital velocity Machines that use escaping gases to move National Aeronautics and Space Administration For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Rockets Third Law of Motion Fireworks and weapons Reaction Robert Goddard Escape velocity Please read pages Use Word bank to complete notes

Beginning of Rocket Science Rockets are machines that use escaping gas to move Tsiolkovsky (1900) Russian HS teacher – Inspired by Jules Verne (science fiction writer) – Explained how rockets work – Known as: Father of Rocket Theory

Conducted rocket experiments Arose attention of US military during WWII Known as Father of Modern Rocketry Robert Goddard ( ) American Physicist

First Rockets invented by Chinese over 800 years ago. –Used for fire works and weapons. Germans developed rocket bombs during WWII

At end of WWII US rocket research took off Cold War, US was frightened that Soviet Union would be superior to us in the arms race. NASA was formed July 29, 1958 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

Rockets work on a simple principle known as: Newton’s Third Law of Motion “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”

EXAMPLE: Fill a balloon with air and let it go. Action - air rushing backward from balloon. Reaction - balloon moves forward

Rocket Engines Thrust is the force that pushes the rocket forward –Fuel is burned inside a rocket engine (solid or liquid) –Fuel burns, gasses expand, pressure is created inside engine.

Rocket Engines Action – gas pushes downward Reaction – rocket moves upward

Reaction Action Hot Gases Oxygen Fuel Fuel burned here

Oxygen is needed to burn fuel No Oxygen in space. Rocket must carry it’s own supply. In space rockets move without fuel Fuel only needed to change direction

Orbital velocity (8km/s) speed & direction a rocket must have to orbit the earth Suborbital (less than 8km/s) can fall back to earth Escape velocity (11km/s) speed & direction a rocket must travel to break a planet’s gravitational pull