You Can’t Do That Church & State Speak Up Crime & Punish- ment Make a Case for It Toward Equality Mis-cell- any AP Government Jeopardy – Civil Liberties and Civil Rights

Final Jeopardy! Question Civil Liberties & Civil Rights Free Speech

A law making an action illegal retroactively; criminalizes acts that were legal when committed Prohibited by the Constitution Ex post facto law You Can’t Do That 100

Act of the legislature declaring a person or group guilty of some crime and punishing them without benefit of a trial Prohibited by the Constitution Bill of attainder You Can’t Do That 200

Government cannot block peaceful protests, but it can limit freedom of assembly in these ways (name two) Time, place, and nature of protest You Can’t Do That 300

Exclusionary rule Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used against a person in a trial; extended to the states in Mapp v. Ohio (1961) You Can’t Do That 400

Blocking publication or censoring a story before it is published; the Supreme Court has generally rejected this (in cases such as Near v. Minnesota, New York Times v. U.S.) Prior restraint You Can’t Do That 500

First Amendment prohibition against government recognizing an official religion or promoting one religion over another Establishment clause Church & State 100

Supreme Court ruled that requiring prayer in school violated the establishment clause and was unconstitutional Engel v. Vitale (1962) Church & State 200

Must not result in “excessive entanglement” between church & state, must not advance or inhibit religion, much have a secular purpose Lemon Test Church & State 300

First Amendment prohibition against government interference in people’s right to practice a religion; limited when it conflicts with another right or compelling state interest Free Exercise clause Church & State 400

Supreme Court upheld a federal law prohibiting polygamy even though this was a limitation on free exercise of religion Reynolds v. United States (1879) Church & State 500

SCOTUS ruling on obscenity; established the following criteria: Not protected if it is patently offensive judged by local standards and is without any serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value Miller v. California (1973) Speak Up 100

SCOTUS ruled that wearing black armbands to protest Vietnam War was protected symbolic speech Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) Speak Up 200

SCOTUS held that speech was not protected when it constituted a “clear and present danger” to the country in wartime Schenck v. United States (1919) Speak Up 300

SCOTUS ruled that burning the U.S. flag was a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment Texas v. Johnson (1989) Speak Up 400

Supreme court held that the plaintiff must prove that the newspaper knowingly or maliciously printed false information in order to obtain damages for libel New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) Speak Up 500

Writ of habeas corpus Prisoner’s right to a court review of his/her case to determine if there is sufficient cause to keep him/her in jail Crime & Punishment 100

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) Supreme Court ruled that those who cannot afford an attorney in criminal cases must have one provided by the state government Crime & Punishment 200

Mapp v. Ohio (1961) Extended the exclusionary rule to the states Crime & Punishment 300

Due Process The process by which citizens may be deprived of life, liberty or property – contained in the 4 th, 5 th, & 6 th Amendments, and including a speedy and public trial, right to confront witnesses, right to an attorney Crime & Punishment 400

Death penalty Supreme Court has affirmed its constitutionality, except when used against the mentally disabled and those under age 18 Crime & Punishment 500

Roe v. Wade (1973) Supreme Court voided state laws that outlawed all abortions, allowing pregnancy termination in the first trimester; the state has increasing power to regulate in subsequent trimesters Make a Case for It 100

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) Supreme Court ruled that affirmative action quotas were unconstitutional; however, race can be considered as one of many factors for college admissions Make a Case for It 200

Gitlow v. New York (1925) First case in which the Supreme Court declared that First Amendment rights applied to state governments Make a Case for It 300

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) Supreme Court declared a state law banning the sale of contraceptives unconstitutional; held that birth control decisions were private matters not subject to state control Make a Case for It 400

Korematsu v. U.S. (1944) Supreme Court declared the internment of Japanese Americans in World War II constitutional – justified by a compelling national interest in preventing spying in wartime Make a Case for It 500

Equal protection clause Contained in the Fourteenth Amendment; protects minorities from discrimination by state governments Toward Equality 100

Twenty-Fourth Amendment Abolished poll taxes in 1964, which were used to subvert the Fifteenth Amendment and keep African Americans from voting Toward Equality 200

Civil Rights Act of 1964 Landmark legislation that banned racial segregation in schools, public transportation, public facilities, and employment – ending Jim Crow Toward Equality 300

Voting Rights Act of 1965 Landmark legislation that outlawed discriminatory voting practices (like literacy tests) responsible for widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the South Toward Equality 400

Affirmative action Policy designed to correct effects of past racial or gender discrimination by giving certain preferences in education and employment to these groups Toward Equality 500

Civil liberties Rights belonging to all citizens guaranteed by the Constitution, federal laws, and court decisions Mis-cell-any 100

Eminent domain The power of the government to take private property for public use; must follow due process of law and must provide just compensation Ex: Seizing property to build a highway Mis-cell-any 200

Selective incorporation Application of the rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights to state governments through the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment Mis-cell-any 300

Right to privacy Supreme Court has determined that this right is implied in the First, Third, Fourth, Ninth, and Fourteenth Amendments – though it is never explicitly stated in the Constitution Mis-cell-any 400

Civil rights Right of minority groups to be free from discrimination by the majority Mis-cell-any 500

Name three limitations on the freedom of speech FINAL JEOPARDY

Libel and slander laws Obscenity laws Laws against incitement of violence (“clear and present danger”) FINAL JEOPARDY