Basics of Foreign Exchange 1.Basic Concept of Foreign Exchange (1)General Meaning of Foreign Exchange (2)Cause for Generation of Foreign Exchange (3)Traits of Foreign Exchange (4)Form & Type of Foreign Exchange 2. Exchange Rate (1)Meaning of Exchange Rate (2)Method for Exchange Rate Indication (3)Terms Relevant to Exchange Rate (4)Customer Rates 3. Correspondence (1)Outline (2)Exchange Transaction Contract with Foreign Exchange Bank (3)Classification of Correspondent Bank

2 Basics of Foreign Exchange 1. Basic Concept of Foreign Exchange (1)General Meaning of Foreign Exchange What is Exchange ? System or mean to settle bonds and liabilities between remote places through the financial institution, the third party Domestic Exchange Remote place is in the country and bonds and liabilities in same country and currency is settled through bank, the third party Foreign Exchange Remote place is in foreign country and it is settled through the third party bonds and when liabilities between foreign countries are generated between countries with different currencies. Cause for Generation of Foreign Exchange 1.Movement in Fund between Foreign Countries Ordinary Transaction 2.Means for Settlement In Overseas Transaction Capital Transaction What is ordinary transaction? Trade transaction or transfer transaction, etc What is capital transaction? Borrowings or loan transaction, etc Payment as a Result of Economic Transaction Traits of Foreign Exchange 1. Intervention of Exchange Rate 2. Complex Exchange Settlement Structure USD 10,0009,260,000\ = Exchange Rate USD 1= 926 won USD 10,0009,200,000\ = Exchange Rate USD 1= 920 won Loss of 60,000 won Generation of Exchange Risk Character What if exchange rate goes down?? Character Danger!! (2)Cause for Generation of Foreign Exchange (3)Traits of Foreign Exchange Ex> 3. Balance of International Payments 4. Intervention of Interest Factors

3 Bill of Exchange Purchase Fund Payment Bank Foreign Transaction Bank Fund Payment Type of Loan by Difference in Time Ex for Intervention of Interest Factors> (4)Form & Type of Foreign Exchange Type of Foreign Exchange REMITTANCE COLLECTION Outward Remittance Inward Remittance 1)Classification based on method to settle accounts between foreign countries Method for debtor to draw exchange in bank to send fund to creditor. Method for creditor to actively receive repayment of loan by requesting the fund through foreign exchange bank without waiting for remittance of debtor Outward Collection Inward Collection OUTWARD EXCHANGE INWARD EXCHANGE Outward Remittance Outward Collection 2)Classification based on direction in use of exchange In case starting point of foreign exchange transaction is our bank In case starting point of foreign exchange transaction is other bank Inward Remittance Inward Collection Drawing of Remittance from Korea Exchange Bank to CITI Bank Outward Exchange! Inward Exchange! Korea Exchange Bank CITI Bank

4 2. Exchange Rate (1)Meaning of Exchange Rate What is Exchange Rate ? Exchange rate for currency of a country and currency of another country at certain period Price of domestication for type of product called foreign exchange (2)Method for Exchange Rate Indication Method for Exchange Rate Indication Foreign Currency Indication Exchange Rate Exchange rate indicating how much foreign currency can be exchanged per 1 unit of domestic currency Ex. of Foreign Currency Indication Exchange Rate GBP/USD => Indication that Great Britain currency of 1 pound is equivalent to USD GBP is strong when exchange rate goes up and GBP is weak when exchange rate goes down Target Currency EUR, GBP, AUD, NZD Domestic Currency Indication Exchange Rate Ex. of Foreign Currency Indication Exchange Rate USD/KRW960 => Indication that United States currency of 1 dollar is equivalent to 960 won. KRW is weak when exchange rate goes up and KRW is strong when exchange rate goes down Target Currency KRW, JPY, CHF, DKK SEK, HKD, SGD, Etc (3)Terms relevant to Exchange Rate Terms relevant to Exchange Rate Fixed Currency Variable Currency Fixed Currency / Variable Currency = Exchange Rate USD/REW=960, USD is FIXED CURRENCY, KRW is VARIABLE CURRENCY 1000 won Apple : Fixed Currency Won : Variable Currency 1000 : Exchange Rate Apple Quoting Bank (Market Maker) Bank notifying the exchange rate taking risk and responsibility considering the economic trend, prospect for foreign currency demand & supply, etc => “ perspective of merchant ” Calling Bank (Market User) Perform foreign exchange transaction with the necessity by looking at the notified price => “ perspective of consumer ” Bid Rate Offered Rate (Asked Rate) Exchange rate for Quoting Bank to purchase fixed currency Exchange rate for Quoting Bank to sell fixed currency USD/JPY :20 Bid Rate Offered Rate How much should it be sold for? Merchant Buy or Not? Consumer Apple Exchange rate indicating how much foreign currency can be exchanged per 1 unit of foreign currency

5 Big Figure & Pips Indication of exchange rate to third decimal place Big Figure- to second decimal place, Pip or Point-to fourth decimal place Exception> KRW,JPY,IDR, Etc EUR/USD Big FigurePip USD/JPY 116,35 Big FigurePip Spread Difference between Bid Rate & Offered Rate Determination Factor USD/KRW /30 → spread 20, USD/JPY /15 → spread 5pips 1.Liquidity of Target Currency 2.Volatility 3.Uncertainty in Market Situation 4.Scale of Transaction 5.Period of Transaction Cross Rate In Korea USD/JPY, USD/CHF, AUD/USD, GBP/USD, Etc Exchange rate between foreign currencies without intervention of domestic currency In Foreign Exchange Market : Exchange rate between currencies of third country without intervention of USD GBP/EUR, EUR/JPY, CHF/JPY, Etc Arbitrated Rate Exchange rate between currency of a country and the third country calculated indirectly with fixed exchange rate Fixed exchange rate refers to the exchange rate with certain currency that is the basis when calculating the exchange rate between currency of a country and other countries In Korea Foreign currency exchange rate other than USD is all arbitrated rate (4)Customer Rates What is Customer Rates ? Exchange rate applied in foreign transaction between bank and general customer It is voluntarily set in domestic bank, local corporation or target branch or local corporation. Selling Rate In case bank sells to customer Purchase Rate In case bank purchases from bank Type of Customer Rates Telegraphic Transfer Rate Exchange rate applied when telegraphic settlement of foreign currency and immediate conversion are available => customer exchange rate in pure meaning Cash Rate Exchange rate applied in case foreign cash is either purchased or sold Traveler ’ s Check Selling Rate -Notification of margin considering the cost relevant to export & import of foreign cash, operation of foreign cash, etc Exchange rate applied in case traveler ’ s check is sold for price of won. Margin is lower than cash rate

6 Calculation Method for Customer Rates Customer Rates = Basic Buying & Selling Rate for each Currency ± Basic Buying & Selling Rate × Buying & Selling Margin Rate for each Currency If basic buying & selling rate of the day is notified as won for USD/KRW, what is the cash rate? A) Basic Buying & Selling Rate : B) Buying & Selling Margin : ×1.75% ＝ 16.21(cut off unit less than Jeon) C) Cash Rates : A) ＋ B) ＝ If basic buying & selling rate of the day is notified as won for USD/KRW, what is the telegraphic transfer rate? A) Basic Buying & Selling Rate : B) Buying & Selling Margin : ×0.98% ＝ 9.00(cut off unit less than 10 Jeon) C) Telegraphic Transfer Rate : A) － B) ＝ Customer Rates Structure of Korea won won won won won Cash Selling Rate T/C Selling Rate Basic Buying & Selling Rate Telegraphic Purchase Rate Cash Purchase Rate Telegraphic Selling Rate : +1.75% +1.2% +0.98% -0.98% -1.75% USD/KRW Basic Buying & Selling Rate : won won Customer Selling Rate Customer Purchase Rate

7 3. Correspondent (1)Outline Outline of Correspondent For the smooth performance of foreign exchange transaction, it is mainly regarding the conclusion, change, termination, etc of exchange transaction contract between banks (2)Exchange Transaction Contract with Foreign Exchange Bank Purpose of Exchange Transaction Contract Exchange of various documents necessary in exchange transaction between banks for smooth performance of foreign exchange transaction including outward remittance, outward collection, etc, fund transaction between foreign countries, etc. Document Exchange Contract Documents, List of Authorized Signature, Telegraphic Cipher Text, Swift Authenticator Key, Transaction Conditions & Tariff, Other Supplementary Documents Change in Condition & Termination in Exchange Transaction Revision and change in contract is performed at any time Revision in contract by notifying the contents to the other bank (3)Exchange Transaction Contract with Foreign Exchange Bank Classification of Exchange Transaction Bank Bank that concluded the exchange transaction contract is referred to as exchange transaction bank or correspondent bank Depositary Correspondent Bank Bank that opened the current deposit account in a person ’ s Name in the other exchange transaction bank Non-Depositary correspondent Bank Bank to maintain the general exchange transaction by not opening the current deposit account in a person ’ s name - OUR A/C or NOSTRO A/C : Current account our bank has in the other bank - THEIR A/C or VOSTRO A/C : Current account other bank has in our bank - INTER-OFFICE A/C : Account in main branch to settle foreign currency between main branches