PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in It was initially server-side, traffic tracking script. PHP 2 (1995) Added database support, file uploads, regular expressions, etc. PHP 3 (1998) Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans transform PHP and re-engineered the parser.

PHP 4 (2000): The parser was dubbed the Zend Engine, and many security features were added. PHP 5 (2004): Zend Engine II, support for object oriented programming, robust XML support, Web Service interoperability, SQLite

1.Easy to Use Code is embedded into HTML. The PHP code is enclosed in special start and end tags that allow you to jump into and out of "PHP mode". Example

2. Cost Benefits PHP is free. Open source code means that the entire PHP community will contribute towards bug fixes. There are several add-on libraries for PHP that are also free. PHP SoftwareFree PlatformFree (Linux) Development ToolsFree PHP Coder, jEdit

3. Cross Platform Web Servers: Apache, Microsoft IIS, Caudium, Netscape Enterprise Server Operating Systems: UNIX (HP-UX,OpenBSD,Solaris,Linux), Mac OSX, Windows Supported Databases: Adabas D, dBase,Empress, FilePro (read-only), Hyperwave,IBM DB2, Informix, Ingres, InterBase, FrontBase, mSQL, Direct MS-SQL, MySQL, ODBC, Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8), Ovrimos, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Solid, Sybase, Velocis,Unix dbm

CategoryData TypeAttributes PrimitiveIntegerBases: 8,10,16 PrimitiveFloating PointUsed for doubles PrimitiveString“I hate Public Speaking!” PrimitiveBooleantrue, false—can convert to 0,1 CompoundObjectAccess by Reference (default) CompoundArrayOrdered Map

$testString = “9.0”; settype($testString, “integer”);

If…else…elseif Switch for() foreach() while() do…while

 Exceptions handling is facilitated courtesy of the Exception Class Example Exception Handling in PHP: function checkNum($number) { if($number>1) { throw new Exception("Value must be 1 or below"); } return true; } try { checkNum(2); } catch(Exception $e) { echo 'Message: '.$e->getMessage(); }

“PHP Manual”. (This is the site for the official manual of the PHP language) Peter L. Kantor. “Hudson Valley Community College Web Site”. Sebesta Robert W. Concepts OF Programming Languages. Tenth Edition. Boston:Pearson, 2010 Wellington,Luke Thomson,Laura. PHP and MySQL Web Development. Second Edition. Developers Library. USA. Sams Publishing Harris, Andy. PHP 5/MySQL Programming. for the absolute beginner. Canada. Premier Gilmore, Jason. Beginning PHP and MySQL: From Novice to Professional. Fourth Edition. Apress Habib, Irfan. “Integrating PHP and Perl”. Linux Journal. Volume 2007 Issue 154. Feb 2007 Fioretti, Marco. “Top Ten Tips for Getting Started with PHP”. Linux Journal. Volume 2006 Issue 145. May 2006 Knudsen, Craig. “PHP Version 4”. Linux Journal. Volume 1999 Issue 67es. November