NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION-ORIENTED LAND USE IN GERMANY Conservation-oriented land use, especially regarding the requirements of Natura 2000, is one of the most important instruments of nature conservation and landscape management in Germany Goal: Conserve or restore diversity depending on specific site conditions and differentiated land use Thereby securing habitats of plant and animal species Methods: landscape management and nature conservation measures conservation-oriented land use in cultural landscapes

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Financial instruments for conservation-oriented land use and nature conservation measures in Natura 2000-sites Programmes with EU co-financing European Agricultural Fund for Regional Development (EAFRD, German ELER): agri-environmental and aqua-environmental programmes LIFE-Nature; LIFE + INTERREG Leader + Federal programmes Projects of nationwide interest for nature conservation Research-, development and experimental projects State programmes (e.g.) Bayern Netz Natur Nature conservation guideline in Saxony Special Funds (e.g.) Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, Naturschutzfonds (BY), LANU (Saxony)

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Goals and criteria for conservation-oriented land use and nature conservation programmes Target areas for these programmes are: Natura 2000-Areas (Sites of community interest - SCI and Special protection areas - SPA) Nature reserves and natural monuments Legally protected biotopes Buffer zones for sensitive (esp. aquatic) habitats Areas of importance for habitat and biotope connection Habitats of threatened species (e.g. species from Annexes II und IV of the Habitat Directive, Annex I of Bird Directive, highly threatened or endangered species – Red List category 1 or 2)

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Overview on conservation-oriented land use and nature conservation programmes (VNP) in Bavaria per district Total area VNP: XXX ha As per: July 2006

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Goals and criteria for conservation-oriented land use and nature conservation programmes Target areas for nature-oriented land use and nature conservation measures in Saxony comprise about ha

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Who is eligible? Farmers Fishermen Nature conservation societies Private owners Municipal structures Religious communities Who is responsible? Nature conservation agencies –evaluate nature conservation criteria, choose appropriate measures –control fulfilment of nature conservation goals –handout subsidies for nature conservation programmes Agricultural agencies –control agricultural land use, land parcels etc. –handout subsidies for agri-environmental measures Participation and responsibilities in agri-environmental and nature conservation programmes

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Conservation-oriented land use within the agri-environmental programme (EAFRD/ELER)

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Goals of conservation-oriented land use within the agri-environmental programme (EAFRD/ELER) In highly productive agricultural areas (good soils, intensively used grassland and arable land): - agree to conservation-oriented farming practices to counteract intensification, - adapt farming practices to specific conservation goals. In disadvantaged agricultural areas (mountains, low soil quality, often Natura 2000-sites): - agree to conservation-oriented farming practices to conserve habitats which have been created by extensive land use - to counteract cessation of agricultural use (e.g. in mountain meadows). The programme has two main goals:

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 No application of herbicides in the sense of VO (EWG) No. 2092/91 No construction or restoration of drainage and irrigation systems (exceptions only in agreement with nature conservation agencies) Permanent use of grassland without ploughing Presentation of land use areas (land parcels – LPIS) in digital form or other map formats Exact documentation of all measures on the selected areas in relation to the land parcels No deposition of any material on the selected areas Agreement to control or monitoring investigations by state agencies or contracted researchers Fallow areas cover only up to a maximum of 5% of selected area Prerequisites for participation in conservation-oriented agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER)

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria regarding grassland 1.Biotope type “ Arable land” Basic performances 1.1Extensive arable land use for soil breeding bird species and wild herbs no cultivation of corn, sugar, potatoes, tree foil, lucerne (alfalfa) Euro 153,00-350,00/ha (depending on soil type) 1.2Fallow area on arable land with natural growth of wild herbs (no seeding) Euro 178,00; Euro 370,00; Euro 450,00 (depending on soil type) Additional performances 0.1 No fertilizing and chemical herbicides Euro 314,00/ha 0.2 No mineral and organic fertilizers (only solid organic fertilizer) and chemical herbicides Euro 261,00/ha 0.3 Increased labour and machine force needed Euro 35,00 – 220,00/ha

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria regarding grassland 2. Biotope type “Grassland” - management with reduced intensity Basic performances Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing and herbicides first cut after June 1st Euro 86,00/ha first cut after June 15th Euro 163,00/ha first cut after July or August 1stEuro 186,00/ha first cut after September 1stEuro 239,00/ha Protection of beaver habitats* no mowing until August 31stEuro 186,00/ha for meadows with 2 cuts no mowing until August 31st Euro 319,00/ha for meadows with 3 cuts Additional performances 0.1 No fertilizing and herbicides Euro 178, No mineral and organic fertilizers (only solid organic fertilizer) Euro 119,00/ha 0.3 Increased labour and machine force needed Euro 45,00 – 650,00/ha * Not to be combined with any ‘additional performances’

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria regarding grassland 3. Biotope type “Pasture land” - Conservation-oriented management of traditional pasture landscapes with reduced intensity Basic performances exploitation of pastures with sheep, gooses or horses Euro 270,00/ha exploitation of pastures with cows Euro 118,00 – 289,00/ha Additional aspects 0.3 Increased labour and machine force needed Euro 50,00 – 345,00/ha

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria regarding grassland 4. Biotop type “ponds” Basic performances 4.1Conservation of ecologically valuable ponds by reducing the quantity of carps and soil disturbing fish species subsidy according to share cane brake zone (Röhrichtzone) stage A: - 25%Euro 484,00/ha stage B: 26-50%Euro 550,00/ha stage C: > 51%Euro 464,00/ ha Additional aspects* 0.3 Conservation and development of amphibian and dragon fly habitats: No use of predatory fisch and fish cultivation from to Euro 75,00/ha * Only possible with 4.1

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 CONSERVATION-ORIENTED LAND USE AND NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN SAXONY -Financial instruments for implementing Natura Programmes and measures, criteria -Responsibilities of stakeholders -Details of selected programmes -Chances and limitations Dipl.-Ing. Marianne Badura – Twinning expert Germany Data for Federal State of Saxony from: Dr. Bernard Hachmöller, RP Dresden

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Saxony regarding grassland Grassland management with reduced intensity a) pastureb) meadow Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing before the first cut Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing a) first cut after June 15thb) first cut after July 15th Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing three cuts for nutrient reduction Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing no mowing between June 10th and September 15th Conservation-oriented pasture Free-range sheep pasture a) for grasslandb) for other habitats (e.g. heath) Large-scale pastures used over the whole year Management of orchard meadows (mowing or grazing, tree clipping) Fallow areas and strips in grassland

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Regulations for conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing before the first cut at least one cut per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers before the first cut First cut after Finish of first cut including removal of biomass before Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Additional grazing after 1.8. possible Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Regulations for conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing at least one cut per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers First cut –after /after Finish of first cut including removal of biomass –before 31.7./before Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Additional grazing after 1.8. possible Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Regulations for conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing – three cuts for nutrient removal at least three cuts per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers First cut after 1.6. Completion of first cut including removal of biomass before 1.7. Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Regulations for Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing - no cutting between 10 June and 15 September at least one cut per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers First cut before 10th June Second cut after 15th September No mechanical treatment of the soil surface Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Regulations: Grazing at least once a year No use of nitrogen fertilizers Not more than 4 „cattle units“/ha No additional feeding Agreement on type of animal species with the nature conservation agency Development on a grazing plan in agreement with the nature conservation agency At least 0,3 ha Conservation-oriented pasture in Saxony

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Regulations for conservation-oriented free-range sheep pasture: No use of nitrogen fertilizers No additional feeding Development on a grazing plan in agreement with the nature conservation agency Herds of sheep and/or goats Regulations for conservation-oriented large-scale pastures used over the whole year: From 0,3 to 0,6 “cattle units”/ha No use of nitrogen fertilizers Additional feeding only between December 15th and April 15th and only with hay Development of wooded areas possible At least 10 ha Conservation-oriented pasture in Saxony

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Saxony regarding arable land Feeding habitat in winter (no ploughing until February 15th) No cultivation in spring/ reproductive habitat for birds/amphibians (March 1st – April 30th) Fallow areas and strips in arable land (mowing or ploughing every 2nd year, up to 5 ha) Conservation-oriented use of arable land with reduction of herbicides and specified cultures (ploughing after September 15th, up to 10 ha)

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Saxony regarding ponds Pond management Conservation-oriented pond management with restrictions on intensity Conservation-oriented pond management with restrictions on intensity and special protection measures for species and communities Conservation-oriented pond management with special protection measures for species and communities Increased fish input Maintenance of pond habitats without use

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Prerequisites for participation in conservation-oriented pond management in Saxony Exact documentation of all measures on the selected areas in relation to the land parcels No use of biocides No input of aquarium fish, no farming of waterfowl (including feeding) No commercial recreational activities (swimming, boat rental, angling) No construction of buildings in the shore area and on dams No construction of walls except for the outflow Changes in shore structures or removal of underwater or floating vegetation only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Creating conditions for saving and safely deporting amphibians and wild fish when fish is harvested Calcification and disinfection in agreement with the nature conservation agency Management measures in accordance to a management plan developed in agreement with fishery and nature conservation agencies Monitoring and evaluation of the ponds by the nature conservation agency

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Guideline for funding nature conservation measures to secure natural biological diversity and the natural rural heritage in Saxony (Nature conservation guideline)

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Goal of the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony Sustainable conservation of natural biological diversity and natural rural heritage by conservation and development of habitats or populations of wild animal and plants species, typical landscape elements and the historically grown diversity of the cultural landscape

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Nature conservation measures funded by the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony Management of protected biotopes/habitats Improvement, regeneration or creation of protected biotopes/habitats Planning and Management of nature conservation measures Investment (i.e. mowing technology) Securing of land (i.e. purchase) for nature conservation purposes (by NGOs) Management of nature reserves or protected species Public information campaigns Complex nature conservation projects

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Management of habitats/biotopes according to the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony Specific nature conservation measures for grassland, arable land and ponds as well as other valuable habitats  Measures not covered by the agri- environmental programme, i.e. mowing with special technology or by hand Management and clearing of bush and shrub to secure and maintain threatened and protected landscape elements, biotopes and species Conservation measures to secure protected and threatened species including their habitats and measures to avoid damage by these species

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Improvement, regeneration or creation of protected biotopes/habitats according to the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony Improvement, regeneration or creation of threatened or protected biotopes, habitats or landscape elements  i.e. regeneration or reconstruction of grassland, heath, ponds or rivers Management, planting trees or clearing bush and shrub to regenerate or create threatened and protected landscape elements, biotopes and species Conservation measures to regenerate threatened and protected species including their habitats  i.e. ex-situ and in-situ cultivation of rare species

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Management of nature reserves or protected species according to the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony Management, surveillance and documentation of selected protected areas which require regular public presence to secure the conservation goals by their importance, location, structure through:  Information and care for visitors to increase public acceptance  Monitoring of damage/threats for protected areas  Planning and documentation of conservation, management and development measures in the protected areas  Information and consulting for land users about possible nature conservation measures  Documentation of threatened and protected habitats and populations of threatened and protected species  Regular reporting to the nature conservation agency  Qualified yearly report about the management measures and their results

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Areas covered by agri-environmental and nature conservation measures in the Eastern Ore Mountains Mesophilic meadow Mountain meadow Pasture Nature conservation Wet meadow

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Overlap of areas covered by agro-environmental and nature conservation measures in the Eastern Ore Mountains with protected areas of European importance SPA „Fürstenau“ SCI and SPA „Geisingberg “ SCI „Müglitztal“ SCI „Grenzwiesen Fürstenau“ SPA „Kahleberg“ SCI „Mittelgebirgs- landschaft um Oelsen“

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Corncrake Common snipe Whinchat Overlap of areas covered by agri-environmental and nature conservation measures in the Eastern Ore Mountains with occurence of threatened bird species

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Development of populations of the orchid Dactylorhiza majalis in protected areas of the Eastern Ore mountains

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Development of populations of the orchid Orchis mascula in protected areas of the Eastern Ore mountains

NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN GERMANY – Workshop , Predeal TWINNING RO2004/IB/EN/09 NATURA 2000 Multumesc! – Vielen Dank!