Korea and Japan

Korea “Shrimp between two whales” the whales are ______ and _____. Korea is settled 5000 years ago by farmers; they grew rice, made tools, and worked with bronze. Early Koreans practiced Shamanism, a form of animism where good and bad spirits inhabit living things

Chinese Invasions & 3 Kingdoms 109 BC China invades Korea (Han Dynasty). 220 AD Han Dynasty falls, by 313 AD three kingdoms form. During three kingdoms period ( ) Koreans adopt elements of Chinese Culture including: Buddhism, Confucianism, Calligraphy, and ideas about government. – Silla – Paekche (pa-eek-chee) – Koguryo

668 A.D. Silla Conquers Peninsula Ushers in era of peace, prosperity, and creativity. Koreans perfected the use of porcelain Scholars compiled the Tripitaka Koreana, the largest collection of Buddhist scriptures.

Yi Dynasty 1392 AD the Yi come to power, call kingdom Choson and build the city of Hanyang (city of Seoul) as their capital. Adopt Neo-Confucianism as the state doctrine from China. Developed a simple written language, makes reading more accessible. After Japanese invasion fails Korea becomes increasingly isolated and is known as the Hermit Kingdom.

Summary Korea Shrimp between two whales Chinese Invasions Adoption of culture, religion, govt. structure Japanese invasion Hermit Kingdom

Japan Geography- 110 Miles east of Korea Four large islands: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Hokkaido- and many smaller ones. Geographic Determinism…. Island, very mountainous, 20% arable land. How do they survive??? Creation Myth: Explains turbulent weather, climate, and geological events. Page 360.

Early Japan Inhabited 10,000 years ago. 200BC Koreans Invade: Bring farming & rice. Separate classes ruled their own regions. Practiced Shinto (Notes Coming). Shinto means “the way of the Gods” -Worshiped ancestor’s spirits called Kami -Chiefs were both military leaders and priests

Influence of China 552 AD - Koreans send a large statue and Buddhist writings. Adopted by Japanese soon after. Japanese borrow many Chinese innovations including architechture, art, philosophy, astronomy, and medicine. Japan borrowed the concept of a strong central government from China.

Three Periods Nara AD Heian AD Shogunate Late 1800’s

Nara Nara becomes capital of a very Chinese style central government. Nara is a smaller version of Chinese capital Changan. Same style imperial palace, squares, and Buddhist Temples. 752 Todaiji Temple- Buddhist Religion at its peak. People practice both Shinto and Buddhism First written literature is produced in this period.

Heian Period In 794AD Capital is moved to Heian, later called Kyoto. Remained capital for 1000 years. By 900’s Japan is increasingly isolated. Japanese aristocrats create “Heian Culture” – Pursuit of Beauty is central focus – Valued poetry, art, writings, perfumes, etc. – Because of the focus on Beauty, government control weakened and eventually lost control.

Shogun Period As Heian Power fades, two powerful families struggle for power Minamoto family is victorious, granted title of Shogun by the emperor. Emperor remains in Kyoto, Minamoto family runs a shogunate. Mongols (Yuan Dynasty) try to invade Japan twice… Stopped by Divine Wind… Hurricanes sink fleets, force Yuan to return.

Shogun Vocab & Concepts P. 363 Shogun- Samurai Daimyo Bushido Be able to compare and contrast Japanese Shogunate Social Structures and European Feudal Structures.

Merchants and Zen Trade and towns grew during Shogun period. Merchant guilds called Za traded with Korea and Japan. Grew wealthy. Exported goods and imported medicines, books, and pictures. Buddhist Religion impacts artwork, Zen philosophy takes over much of Japan. Zen teachings include: Meditation, Tea Ceremonies, Flower Arranging… “Cleanse Senses”

Japan in Review Geography Influence of China 3 Periods Shogunate and Feudalism