1 Regional Wind Energy Purchase Ann Elsen Energy Planner Montgomery County, MD Environmental Protection
2 Big dogs eat first.
3 “Green” Power Everything Else
4. It’s not easy being green. Cities for Climate Protection Green Power Partnership Wind Energy Resolution State Implementation Plan
5 Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG)
6 State Implementation Plan (SIP) Compliance with Clean Air Act Reduce ground-level ozone by reducing precursors: NOx and VOC Safeguard federal transportation dollars
7 Emissions tons per year
8 Ground-Level Ozone # Days above 1-hour standard
9 So, where does the ozone come from? “Ozone Transport”
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12 Locations of 50 Largest Power Plants in US
13 PJM Control Area NY MD WV DE OH NJ PA VA
14 Emissions “Offset” We buy wind from area where NOx emissions occur (ozone transport) Wind power “offsets” some coal power generation MDE (or equivalent) awards NOx “allowances” Allowances are retired Credit for “allowances” taken in SIP
15 Price Premium: 1.5 ¢ 2 ¢ (per kWh) Price for Wind Depends On: Size of purchase Contract term NOT electricity rates Cost of Wind Power
16 Cost by Agency Agency 5% Wind kWh 1.5 cents 2 cents Water 10,914,544$163,718$218,291 Schools 9,241,066$138,616$184,821 Government 3,549,996$53,250$71,000 Parks 2,525,126$37,877$50,503 Housing 1,282,956$19,244$25,659 College 1,217,320$18,260$24,346 Total 28,731,008$430,965$574,620
17 Control MeasureCost (ton/year) Wind Energy$32,000 CNG Refueling Stations$54, CNG Busses$103, Bike Lockers$247,111 Cost Effective NOx Reduction
18 Easily Replicated by Other “Non-Attainment” Jurisdictions
19 Resources Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection: sp?url=/Content/dep/index.asp sp?url=/Content/dep/index.asp Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments: Green Power Partnership: American Wind Energy Association: