Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista Eukaryotic “Catch-all” Kingdom Contains organisms that resemble organisms in the kingdoms animalia, plantae, and fungi. Can be autotrophs or heterotrophs. Can be unicellular or multicellular.

Animal-like Protists: Protozoans What’s a flagella???? Phylum Zoomastigina (Zooflagellates) Swim using one or two flagella Absorb food through the cell membrane Reproduce asexually (mitosis) or sexually Live in lakes, or streams, can be parasitic

Animal-like Protists: Protozoans A temporary cytoplasmic extension Phylum Sarcodina (Sarcodines) – Move and feed by using a pseudopod. Movement is called “amoeboid movement” Contain a food vacuole. Reproduce asexually (mitosis) Most common example: amoeba What is a vacuole???

Animal-like Protists: Protozoans Small hair-like projections What is conjugation??? Phylum Ciliophora (Ciliates) – Feed and move using cilia Reproduce by conjugation Live in fresh and salt water, can be parasitic. Common example: paramecium

Animal-like Protists: Protozoans Phylum Sporozoa (Sporozoans) – Do not move on their own Parasitic Have a complex life cycle that involves more than one host.

A carbohydrate found in the cell wall of fungal organisms Fungus–like Protists Heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying matter. Lack chitin in cell walls. 2 types: Slime molds Water molds A carbohydrate found in the cell wall of fungal organisms

Plant-like Protists: Unicellular Algae Phylum Euglenozoa (Euglenophytes) Have two flagella Have a pellicle Have an eyespot that directs light to chloroplast Reproduce asexually Specialized cell wall

Plant-like Protists: Unicellular Algae Phylum Chrysophyta (Chrysophytes) Have gold-colored chloroplasts Store food in the form of oil instead of starch Reproduce sexually and asexually

Plant-like Protists: Unicellular Algae The main component of glass Phylum Heterokontophyta (Diatoms) Have cell walls made of silicon Shaped like two sides of a petri dish

Plant-like Protists: Unicellular Algae Phylum Dinoflagellata (Dinoflagellates) 50% autotrophs, 50% heterotrophs Have two flagella Reproduce asexually Many are luminescent Can cause “red tide” They glow!!!

Plant-like Protists: Red, Brown & Green Algae Phylum Rhodophyta (Red Algae) Live at great depths Contain reddish accessory pigments called phycobillins Mostly multicellular Contain flagella

Plant-like Protists: Red, Brown & Green Algae Phylum Phaeophyta (Brown Algae) Contains brown accessory pigment called fucoxanthin. Largest and most complex algae Multicellular Most are marine Largest algae – giant kelp

Plant-like Protists: Red, Brown & Green Algae Phylum Chlorophyta (Green Algae) Share many characteristics with plants Found in fresh and salt water Most live most of life as unicellular Reproduce through a process called alternation of generations Switch between haploid and diploid stages during their life cycle

Human Uses of Algae Produce much of the Earth’s oxygen through photosynthesis Chemicals in algae are used to treat stomach ulcers, high blood pressure and arthritis Used to make sushi rolls, ice cream, salad dressing, pudding, candy bars, pancake syrup and eggnog Used to make plastics, waxes, transistors, deodorants, paints, lubricants and artificial wood.