© 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Fundamentals of Information Systems Security Lesson 3 Malicious Attacks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities

Page 2 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 2 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Learning Objective  Describe how malicious attacks, threats, and vulnerabilities impact an IT infrastructure.

Page 3 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 3 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Key Concepts  Attacks, threats, and vulnerabilities in a typical IT infrastructure  Common security countermeasures typically found in an IT infrastructure  Risk assessment approach to securing an IT infrastructure  Risk mitigation strategies to shrink the information security gap

Page 4 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 4 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. DISCOVER: CONCEPTS

Page 5 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 5 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Definitions Probability that an intentional or unintentional act will harm resources Risk Accidental or intentional event that negatively impacts company resources Threat Inherent weakness that may enable threats to harm system or networks Vulnerability

Page 6 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 6 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Types of Threats  Brute-force password attacks  Dictionary password attacks  IP address spoofing  Hijacking  Replay attacks  Man-in-the-middle attacks

Page 7 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 7 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Types of Threats  Masquerading  Social engineering  Phishing  Phreaking  Pharming

Page 8 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 8 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Types of Vulnerabilities Insecure servers or servicesExploitable applications and protocolsUnprotected system or network resourcesTraffic interception and eavesdropping Lack of preventive and protective measures against malware or automated attacks

Page 9 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 9 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Identify the Criminal Criminal Profile #1  Victimizes people through unsolicited messages to get victim’s money  Does not rely on intrusive methods to commit crimes  Is motivated by financial gain

Page 10 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 10 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Identify the Criminal (Continued) Criminal Profile #2  Enters systems without permission to raise awareness of security issues  Does not work for the company or its clients  Does not intend harm, just tries to be “helpful”  Is motivated by impulse

Page 11 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 11 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Identify the Criminal (Continued) Criminal Profile #3  Engages in illegal black market transactions on the Internet  Traffics drugs, weapons, or banned materials  Is motivated by financial gain

Page 12 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 12 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Identify the Criminal (Continued) Criminal Profile #4  Enters systems without permission to take advantage of security issues  Does not work for the company or its clients  Does not intend to help, only wants to cause harm  Is motivated by peer acceptance

Page 13 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 13 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Identify the Criminal (Continued) Criminal Profile #5  Intrudes upon systems to verify and validate security issues  Works for the company or one of its clients  Does not intend harm, just tries to be “helpful”

Page 14 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 14 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Summary  Threats are controllable.  Risks are manageable.  Vulnerabilities are unavoidable.  All of these negatively affect the C-I-A triad.  Not all threats are intentional.

Page 15 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Page 15 Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2015 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company All rights reserved. Virtual Lab  Performing a Vulnerability Assessment