Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Chapter 11 Meeting Families’ Basic Needs

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Sharing Their Story Ryan, Mary and John Frisella reside in San Diego. Ryan was born with cerebral palsy which impact his mobility. His fine motor skills were also impaired. But not his spirit or his mind. Ryan’s medical needs have meant surgeries, and physical and occupational therapy services. Most of his services were provided outside his school setting, through a state funded program. His school counselors and teachers have made accommodations for him based on the protocols from his therapists. Other IEP accommodations were developed. Outside of school Ryan, participated in Wheelchair Sports.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Sharing Their Story Another program outside of school that greatly benefited Ryan was a “peer mentoring” community-based program. Transition from high school means facing many challenges including finding transportation, attending a university, interviewing for jobs, advocating for rights and securing benefits. Teachers solidified their partnership with the Frisellas by combining school-based and community-based programs to meet Ryan’s needs. They advocated for him and have taught him to advocate for himself.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Think About It Do educators have a professional or ethical duty to help families meet their basic needs? Is this duty inconsistent with their roles in educating students to be successful in academic, extracurricular, and other school activities? Or is this duty - assuming it exists, as Ryan’s teachers, counselors, and health assistants believe it does - entirely consistent with their duty to “educate” him? Who is in your “village” and what benefit do you receive when other villagers help you or your family meet your basic needs?

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Educators’ Role and Family’s Needs Educators can partner with families by knowing and communicating with them about helpful community, state and national resources. Families’ basic needs are emotional, informational, economic, and safety. Most important consideration is to determine families’ preferences. Open or closed to supports outside the family’s system.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Informational Support Families’ Basic Needs Emotional support Informational support Economic support Abuse and neglect (support to address)

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Emotional Support Emotional support involves spending time with others, feeling cared about by others, feeling encouraged and having a sense of being understood. Parent to Parent Programs Parent support groups

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Emotional Support Parent to Parent Programs Connecting one family to another family Paired families share similar experiences Programs are run by parents for parents Presently 34 statewide programs Matches are between a trained “support parent” and a “referred parent” Veteran parent provides emotional support (and information) to the referred parent

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Emotional Support Parent Support Groups Connecting many parents to other parents in group meetings Parents have similar needs Support groups can be led by parents or professionals Typically organized around types of disability

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Informational Support Federal Funded Parent Centers Parent Centers These centers are authorized by IDEA and funded by the U.S. Dept. of Ed. Purpose is to provide informational support to families of children with disabilities birth to age 22. The two types of Parent Centers PTIs (Parent Training and Information Centers CPRCs (Community Parent Resource Centers)

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Informational Support Community Parent Resource Centers Mission is to provide support to families in traditionally underserved communities often culturally and linguistically diverse. One-on-one assistance Engage in outreach to families Materials distributed are family-friendly (translated in other languages) Prepare new family leaders

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Economic Support Federal Programs: SSI and Medicaid SSI (Supplementary Security Income) Financial assistance for individuals 18 and older who have a disability and children under 18 who have significant disabilities. “Means-tested” persons must meet federal standards for poverty, must prove the presence of a significant disability and inability to pursue gainful employment.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Economic Support Federal Programs: SSI and Medicaid Medicaid/HCBS Program Examples of services: Case management, homemaker assistance, home health aids, personal care, respite care, home modifications. “Individualized budgeting” or “self determination”: The person with a disability or his/her representative decides how to create services and spend funding according to the person’s individualized needs.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Economic Support State Family Support Programs Mission: To enhance a family’s ability to define and meet the needs of the family member with a disability within the home and community setting through… State-created programs which promote flexible funding through: “cash transfer” programs, vouchers redeemable for services, or combined cash and voucher programs.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Informational Support Other sources of informational support includes: Federally funded parent centers Family organizations Technology Books and magazines Local neighborhood resources

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Support to Address Child Abuse and Neglect Types of Child Abuse and Neglect Major types of Maltreatment: Physical abuse Sexual abuse Neglect Emotional abuse

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Support to Address Child Abuse and Neglect Identifying and Reporting Abuse and Neglect Recognizing and reporting abuse is a major obligation of teachers The decision-making matrices (Pass, 2007) guides teachers in knowing the type of action needed Every state requires teachers to report suspected abuse

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Resources for Support to Address Child Abuse and Neglect Preventing Abuse and Neglect Efforts should focus on both the child and the family. Partnership efforts and your obligations to report creates a dilemma for educators. Honest communication includes disclosing your responsibility to the child and the consequences to the family. The goal is to establish trust with he family so you can help parents access resources for themselves and protect their child.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Revisiting Ryan, Mary, and John Frisella As we revisit the Frisella family, we learn which of this family’s basic needs present the biggest challenge for them. Emotional support was needed as Ryan’s transitions from high school to college. Informational support was needed to address his mobility and academic needs in college. Financial support could have been a major need with Ryan’s medical treatments. Ryan’s eligibility for federal financial assistance needs to be determined. Educators responded to Frisella family’s basic needs.

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Summary Emotional Needs Parent to Parent Parent supports groups Informational Needs Federally funded parent supports centers Family organizations Technological-based resources Books and magazine Local and neighborhood resources Economic Needs SSI Medicaid Safety Needs Defining abuse and neglect Knowing its prevalence Identifying and reporting abuse and neglect Preventing it

Families, Professionals, & Exceptionality: Positive Outcomes Through Partnerships & Trust, 6e Turnbull / Turnbull / Erwin / Soodak / Shogren ISBN: © 2011, 2006, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Linking Content To Your Life Reflect on supports and your family’s basic needs. Reflect on the questions asked to assess involvement from educators. Reflect on your duties and opportunities to support families to meet their basic needs.