Asthma is not just a Wheeze

What is Asthma Asthma is a chronic lung disease, which is characterized by attacks of breathing difficulty.

Goals for today Recognize the signs and symptoms of an asthma attack Understand the plan for an asthma attack at school Deliver proper treatment

Signs and symptoms Coughing Tightness in chest Wheezing Gasping for air Prolonged expiration Color changes (pale or blue).

Treatment Avoiding trigger Exercise Allergies Illness Weather and Air Quality Recognizing symptoms* Medication* *Refer to “Emergency Guidelines for Schools”

What to do for an asthma attack If you note the symptoms of an asthma attack, prompt treatment is necessary. Stop the student from what they are doing and have them sit upright.

Types of inhalers

Use of a Peak Flow Meter Green Zone (80 to 100 percent of your personal best number) signals all clear. No asthma symptoms are present, and you may take your medicines as usual. Yellow Zone (50 to 80 percent of your personal best number) signals caution. You may be having an episode of asthma that requires an increase in your medicines. Or your overall asthma may not be under control, and the doctor may need to change your medicine plan. Red Zone (below 50 percent of your personal best number) signals a medical alert. You must take an inhaled beta2-agonist right away and call your doctor immediately if your peak flow number does not return to the Yellow or Green Zone and stay in that zone.

Using an inhaler can be tricky Care must be taken that the inhaler is used correctly to ensure that the medication gets to the lungs and not the back of the throat.

Using the inhaler A metered dose inhaler (MDI) delivers a specific amount of medicine in aerosol form. This makes it possible to inhale the medication, instead of taking it in pill form. MDI's are commonly used to treat asthma, COPD, and other respiratory conditions.

Take off the cap and shake the inhaler hard.

Breathe out all the way.

Hold the inhaler 1 to 2 inches in front of the mouth (about the width of two fingers).

Start breathing in slowly through the mouth, and then press down on the inhaler one time. Breathe in slowly and as deeply as possible.

Slowly count to 10 while they hold their breath (if they can). This lets the medicine reach deep into the lungs.. This is referred to as a puff.

If the doctor prescribed more than one puff of medicine, repeat this procedure, starting with step 2. For inhaled quick- relief medicine (Ventolin, Proventil, Atrovent), wait about one minute between puffs. There is no need to wait between puffs for other medicines.

Rinse the mouth afterward to help reduce unwanted side effects.

When to call 911 If the student is getting worse or has no improvement in minutes If color changes are noted If they are unable to speak in full sentences

At School… Have a Classroom Health Care Plan. Know where the medication is to be stored. Consider having a back-up inhaler at a central location. Remember minutes count.

Prepared by: Mary Clark RN, NCSN Reviewed by: Paula Peterson APNP Primary Children’s Hospital Salt Lake City, Utah JMJ Publishers 1156 Wilson Ave. Salt Lake City, Utah

* ASTHMA SCENARIOS *

Scenario #1 Susie has a history of asthma and keeps her inhaler in her book bag. She comes to the health room complaining of chest tightness and says she has not used her inhaler since this morning before school. It is now lunch time. She came to the health room alone. What do you do??

 DO NOT send her back to get her inhaler!  Communicate with teacher and ask that her book bag be brought to the health room. (hopefully the inhaler is there)!!  Have Susie use the inhaler as prescribed and observe for improvement.  Any questions/concerns call nurse

Scenario #2 Johnny comes to the health room with a note from his teacher telling you Johnny needs a cough drop because his cough is disrupting the class. He is coughing constantly, but when you listen, his lungs sound clear. There is a blank space on the emergency card under health problems. How will you take care of Johnny?

 Ask if he has asthma  Briefly observe for shortness of breath. Is he talking freely, interacting?  Ask if he has an inhaler if history of asthma  Any questions/concerns call nurse  Call parent  If distress, call 911

Good Job!!!!!