Chemical Ideas 2.1. A simple model of the atom.. What’s inside? In the nucleus? Protons And around the nucleus? Electrons Neutrons.

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Presentation transcript:

Chemical Ideas 2.1. A simple model of the atom.

What’s inside? In the nucleus? Protons And around the nucleus? Electrons Neutrons

How are they different? Mass Charge Location

Mass on Ar scale Charge p1+1 n10 e-e

Nuclear symbols Na Mass number =? Atomic number =? p + n p ( = e - ) p? e-?e-? n? 11 12

What are isotopes? Cl Cl p? e-?e-? n? p? e-?e-? n? Atoms of the same element with: The same atomic number but different mass numbers Same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Why is 35 Cl O.K.? Cl Cl Relative isotopic mass Cl-35 Cl-37 Chlorine always has an atomic number of 17!

So what is relative atomic mass? Cl-35 Cl-37 75% 25%

Relative atomic mass is the average of the relative isotopic masses Cl-35 Cl-37 75% 25% How do we get a relative atomic mass of 35.5?

What 2 things did we need to know? Relative isotopic masses. The relative abundances.

How do we find them out? Use a mass spectromete r

Mass spectrometry

Mg e-e- e-e- Mg +

Cl-35 Cl-37

A mass spectrum … % mass

A mass spectrum … % mass Try W and Y!