TC 361 Data Networking Test Review

Network Cabling UTP Generally used in Ethernet installations Cat 3 10 Mbps Cat 5 100 Mbps Cat 5e 1000 Mbps 100M length

Network Cabling Coax Has a core made of copper. ThinNet ThickNet BNC connector 183M ThickNet Vampire Taps (MAU) 500M

Network Cabling Cont. Fiber Optic Single Mode Multi Mode 2KM Length Laser Multi Mode LED Multiple Signals 2KM Length ST, SC connector Not susceptible to EM interference

Network Communication Packet Variable Length Contains Header and Trailer, CRC, and data Data is divided into packets for ease of transmission Cell Fixed Length MAC address

OSI

Network Types Ethernet Token Ring Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Contention network Simultaneous transmissions cause collisions 10-1000 Mbps 802.3 Physcial Media Coaxial (ThickNet, ThinNet), UTP, STP, Fiber Token Ring 802.5 4-100 Mbps Physical Media Proprietary IBM standard

Network Types Cont. FDDI ATM Fiber Distributed Data Interface Token Passing Can work in two counter-rotating rings. Can be used as a backbone network ATM Asych Transfer Mode Data is broken into fixed cells Ideal for voice/video/data Transmits 53 byte cells.

Network Types Cont. Wireless 802.11b 802.11a 802.11g 11 Mbps 2.4 GHZ Compatible with 802.11b

Network Topologies Star Bus Ring Mesh Used in Ethernet. Computers connected to a central unit. Bus Computers are connected in a series A break in the cable will cause the entire segment to collapse. Must use terminators Ring Passes a token (packet) from one segment to another Can have the physical topology of a star network. Mesh Every computer is connected to one another Most expensive and reliable technology

Network Hardware Hub Switch Used to connect computers together Repeats packets to all computers on the hub Token Ring: Multi Station Access Unit Switch Used to connect computers together Repeats packet to the destination system only

Network Hardware NIC PCI or ISA Communicates between physical media and computer Driver Works in the MAC sub-layer of the Data Link layer 64-Bit PCI 32-Bit PCI

Network Hardware Cont. Bridge Router Connects two network segments together Operates at the Data Link layer Filters data based on network segment Broadcast messages are still sent to all connected nodes Router Connects two network segments together Operates at the Network Layer Provides best route for data Can work with multiple network types Two major types: Static and Dynamic

Network Hardware Cont. Gateway Device that sits between LAN and WAN

Network Hardware Cont. Wireless Access Point (WAP) Central Point in a wireless network

NOS Windows 2000 NT 4.0 Unix and derivatives Active Directory Domain Controller NT 4.0 PDC/BDC Unix and derivatives NIS SAMBA

Network Security Outside Threats Internal Threats Encryption VPN DOS, DDOS Virus Intrusion Internal Threats Intentional, Unintentional Encryption Data Communication VPN Uses Point to Point Tunneling Protocol Shares Can be setup as read, write, execute, and delete.

Network Health Common Sense Data Redundancy Computer don’t like water and heat Data Redundancy Tape Backup RAID Mirroring- copying one partition to another disk.

Network Protocols TCP/IP UDP (User Datagram Protocol) TCP (Transport Control Protocol) Packet ACK, Error Detection, Flow Control Adds sequencing numbers to packets so they can be reassembled IP (Internet Protocol) 32 bit number Routable/Non Routable 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 172.16.0.0-172.32.255.255 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255 UDP (User Datagram Protocol) Similar to TCP but no connection is maintained

Network Protocols Cont. NetBEUI Not a routable protocol Used primarly in windows systems IPX/SPX Internetwork Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange