A socio-technical model for content sharing SHARE A socio-technical model for content sharing Carsten Kozianka, Research Associate, Political Science Department, University of Cologne c.kozianka@uni-koeln.de

About SHARE Sharing, Handling and Assessing Resources in Education Transnational cooperation project funded by the EU under SOCRATES MINERVA programme Participating institutions: E-coordination, Bordeaux University of Teramo, Italy Academy of Humanities and Economics, Lodz, Poland University of Cologne, Germany Website: http://www.share.uni-koeln.de

Goals To foster content sharing in education To supply technical resources and support for the school sector To disseminate freely available tools Needs analysis, tool reviews and use cases for content sharing Best practices Teacher trainings (contact benoit.lacherez@e-coordination.org or antoine.bidegain@gmail.com)

A socio-technical model? Content sharing is a social process of exchanging information, knowledge or creative works Two basic models One to many (Publishers) Many to many (Web 2.0)

Drivers of change Open Educational Resources (OER) User-contributed content Copyleft licensing Social software Folksonomies Personal Learning Environments (PLE) Rich Internet Applications Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)

Open Educational Resources Open courseware and content Open software tools (e.g. learning management systems) Open material for e-learning capacity building of faculty staff Repositories of learning objects Free educational courses

Open Educational Resources Supported by OECD, UNESCO and Hewlett Foundation “Open” means: Freedom to copy Freedom to modify Freedom to redistribute Freedom to redistribute modified versions More info: http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org

User-contributed content Evolution of web technologies has made online publishing available for everyone In some areas social networks of volunteers have built large collections of content (Wikipedia, Flickr, YouTube, Slideshare, Freesound)

Copyleft licensing Declaration of human rights Art. 27: (1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits. (2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

Copyleft licensing Tension between intellectual property rights and public interest Using copyright-protected material for education is a complex legal issue Copyleft licensing as a mechanism for protecting IPR and providing free access for education

Copyleft licensing You are free: Under the following conditions: to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work to make derivative works Under the following conditions: Attribution. You must give the original author credit. Non-Commercial. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a licence identical to this one.

Copyleft licensing Creative Commons (CC): http://creativecommons.org/ Comprehensible Adaptable Easy to use Ported to national copyright legislations Growing collections of CC-licensed content

Social software Web-based systems fostering social interaction Community building capacity Related to a particular type of content (pictures, video, audio...) or to a specific topic Free access, no user roles, meaningful user profiles, reward for excellence

Folksonomies Classification of content by users (“folks”) Free tagging allows flexible classification Resulting taxonomies are more accurate than with predefined categorization The only meta data users will actually fill in Example: http://del.icio.us/ Large collection of user-rated bookmarks

Personal Learning Environments A (not so) new approach to e-learning Supports informal as well as formal learning A personally managed space on the web Bringing together distributed services and resources for learning via RSS and API’s Store and share files, write and publish articles, manage your personal e-portfolio Example: http://eduspaces.net/

Rich Internet Applications A new generation of internet applications with a desktop-like interface Word processing: http://writer.zoho.com Spreadsheets: http://www.editgrid.com/home Calendar: http://www.30boxes.com/welcome.php Personalised Homepage: http://www.netvibes.com/

Free and Open Source Software A variety of mature applications available for education Learning Management Systems Content Management Systems WIKI’s Groupware Word processing Audio recording Vector graphics

The vision PLE providing: Access to distributed Open Source tools and Open Educational Resources Search queries on distributed meta data Freedom to re-use and modify others’ content Tool box approach Single login for different tools Desktop-like web interface Sustainable and public service

The vision

Challenges Data protection Mixed licensing Multilingual content Accessibility Metadata Business models / Sustainability Different logins and registration procedures

The human factor Do you use internet resources for teaching and learning? Are you familiar with copyright legislation? Do you see a need for collaborating and providing materials online? Would you offer your lessons online and free of charge? Describe motivations to share your work. Describe motivations to not share your work.