Hosted by Energy Division and Program Administrators California Public Utilities Commission February 23, 2011 CSI-Thermal Workshop Other Thermal Technologies

2 Introduction Purpose of this workshop: Get feedback from interested parties on the opportunities and challenges to include new technologies into the CSI- Thermal Program Provoke discussion that will guide written comments and inform a future CPUC Decision on the inclusion of these technologies.

3 Background CPUC Decision established a phased rollout for the CSI-Thermal Program Single-family incentives on May 1, 2010 Multi-family/Commercial incentives open on October 8, 2010 Non-Water Heating and Low-income incentives to be available in 2011

4 Background D directs Energy Division to: Hold a workshop on the eligibility of non-SWH thermal technologies that displace gas and meet all other program requirements. Provide a workshop report to the Service List Workshop should address: What technologies are eligible How to estimate thermal displacement for incentives calculation purposes Whether performance-based incentives might be appropriate for these technologies.

5 Survey of Technologies Solar Space heating Solar cooling Desiccant cooling Absorption chillers Adsorption chillers Process Heat and other end uses Combination systems Others?

6 Solar Space Heating Challenges System Design Standards Overheating Low savings Incentive payment estimation Occupant behavior Building baseline?

7 Solar Process Heat Challenges System Design Standards Sizing guidelines Overheat protection Storage requirements Incentive Payment Calculation Lack of standard load profiles Variability in business cycle

8 Solar Cooling Challenges Standards Are there any yet in the US or Europe or elsewhere? How to evaluate and verify reliability? Many are in the demonstration stage -- should ratepayers fund experimental projects? Some use risky materials (ammonia, some salts) Should a net greenhouse gas target be set?

9 Solar Cooling Challenges Incentive Payment Calculation What building baseline to use? Require an audit? Match building load shape to system output? Have storage or conventional backup? If payments are based on metered energy, how to measure contribution of solar energy to cooling system?

10 Technical Standards Development What is the best process for developing technical standards for system design and installation? Technical committee of industry members? Sub-committee at SRCC or other listing agency? PAs develop standards with help from federal agencies national labs, universities and other technical experts?

11 Industry Challenge Help us develop standards and an approach to evaluate and approve these cooling technologies. Help develop simulation methodology Baseline cooling Performance factors Energy savings/displacement

12 Incentive Payment Options 1)Use existing TRNSYS model for all solar thermal systems a.Advantages: i.Ease of implementation ii.Simplicity iii.Potentially easy for contractors to use/understand b.Disadvantages i.Might not be possible for all systems ii.Might be expensive if custom modeling becomes the norm iii.Might not be very accurate

13 Incentive Payment Options 2) Use TRNSYS model for water heating plus “kicker” for additional savings for combination systems Identify “typical” house in terms of size and UA value Pick a climate zone to model (say San Diego) Simulate the energy for heating water (3 people) and for combined space heating and DHW Simulate with one collector, then two collectors. Use the difference to estimate the kicker incentive Repeat for each climate zone. Simply determine additional energy savings per sq. ft. in each zone

14 Incentive Payment Options 2.Use TRNSYS model for water heating plus “kicker” for additional savings for combination systems a.Advantages i.Maintains simplicity of single-model system ii.Could be fairly quick and easy to implement iii.Would likely to be difficult to “game” b.Disadvantages i.Probably wouldn’t reward “high-performing” technologies ii.Only works for combination DWH/space systems iii.Might not work for Commercial combination systems.

15 Incentive Payment Options 3)Use other energy estimation tools to model non-WH technologies a.Advantages i.Modeling might be more accurate if estimation tool is specific to technology b.Disadvantages i.Not clear whether such tools exist and if so, how accurate they are. ii.Would probably involve time and cost to contract with new model developers and incorporate into database

16 Incentive Payout Options 4)Performance-based Incentives (PBI) a.Advantages i.Eliminates the problem of estimating thermal loads and modeling output ii.Most accurate possible way to pay for energy displaced – encourages good design iii.Encourages maintenance and upkeep during PBI term b.Disadvantages i.Might not be possible to accurately meter all system types ii.Cost/time to set up and administer payment system iii.Still need a method to estimate thermal displacement for budgeting purposes (possibly stamped engineering estimates) iv.Applicants may prefer up-front incentives

17 Wrap up and next steps By Friday 3/25, Energy Division will provide a list of questions for parties Parties may (but are not required) to use these questions to guide written comments Informal written comments should be sent to Energy Division by Friday, March 18 Comments should also be sent to the CPUC Service List for the DG/CSI: R Energy Division will provide a workshop report by Friday, April 15.

18 Thank you! Please contact me with any questions Damon Franz (415)