BTEC Unit 1: Principles Chemistry

Elements, mixtures and compounds WALT: Elements, mixtures and compounds WILF: Be able to give the definition and identify elements, mixtures and compounds

PLTS: Creative Thinking 5 mins What do you know about elements, mixtures and compounds....???

Definitions Elements Mixtures Compounds A substance made up of only one type of atom A substance made up of two types of atoms NOT joined together A substance made up of TWO or more types of atom chemically joined together

Task Are the following things elements, mixtures or compounds? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Worksheet

Where can we find all of the elements? The Periodic Table

Task Colour the staircase on your periodic table and label where the metals and non-metals are. Colour and label the different groups in the table. Label the rows as periods and the columns as groups.

Demo Important! Group 1 – The Alkali Metals Demo and Video Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties

Task Are the following elements, metals or non metals? Calcium Argon Magnesium Strontium Nitrogen Bromine Polonium Arsenic Sodium Sulphur

Atomic Structure Walt: Atomic Structure Wilf: Describe the make up and atomic structure of different atoms

PLTS: Creative Thinking 5 mins What do you know about atoms....???

Atomic Structure Diagram Sub-atomic particle Charge Mass Note how small the nucleus is

Numbers

Mass Numbers – Complete table Element Name Element Symbol Number of Protons Number of electrons Number of Neutrons Mg 12 Arsenic Pt 78 Fermium Fm 157 F 9 Iron 26 Al

Mass Numbers Magnesium Mg 12 Arsenic As 33 42 Platinum Pt 78 117 Element Name Element Symbol Number of Protons Number of electrons Number of Neutrons Magnesium Mg 12 Arsenic As 33 42 Platinum Pt 78 117 Fermium Fm 100 157 Fluorine F 9 10 Iron Fe 26 30 Aluminium Al 13 14

Isotopes Definition Atom of the same element with a different number of protons

Electrons and the periodic table Walt: Electrons and the periodic table Wilf: Describe the arrangement of the periodic table in terms of electrons

Electron Configuration Shell Number of Electrons 1 2 8 3 worksheet

Electrons and the periodic table Write the electron shorthand for the elements, Lithium, Sodium and Potassium. Write the electron shorthand for Beryllium, Magnesium and Calcium. What do you notice about where they are in the periodic table and their electron arrangement? The group number tells you how many electrons are present in the outside shell!!

How many electrons do the following elements have in their outside shell? Carbon Strontium Iodine Sn Kr He

Equations Walt: Word and symbol equations Wilf: Be able to write word and symbol equations

Task Burning magnesium Observations: Word Equation: Symbol Equation:

Task Burning iron Observations: Word Equation: Symbol Equation:

Acids.....

The pH Scale

Acid Rain and the uses of neutralisations

Acids with metals Acid + Metal ---> Salt + Hydrogen

Acids with metals If we get a squeaky pop then Hydrogen is given off Observations Squeaky pop?

Acid Salt Hydrochloric acid __________ chloride Nitric acid __________ nitrate Sulphuric acid __________ sulphate Example Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid -> Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen Zinc + Nitric acid -> Zinc Nitrate + Hydrogen Lead + Sulphuric acid -> Lead Sulphate + Hydrogen

Magnesium + Nitric acid -> Zinc + Sulphuric acid -> Lead + Hydrochloric acid -> ________ + __________ -> Calcium Chloride + Hydrogen Sodium + ___________ -> Sodium nitrate + Hydrogen Potassium +__________ -> Potassium sulphate + _________

Carbonates with Acid Acid + Metal Carbonate ---> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide How do we know the gas is carbon dioxide?

Metal oxides and Metal Hydroxides with Acid Acid + Metal Oxide  Salt + Water Acid + Metal Hydroxide  Salt + Water