 Meaning- "Party of God“  A Shi'a Muslim militant group and political party based in Lebanon.  The United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and Israel classify Hezbollah as a terrorist organization, in whole or in part. Hezbolla’s  Secretary general- flag Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah

 Emerged in response to the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon  Was founded with an Iranian support and its forces were trained and organized by a group of the ”Iranian Revolutionary Guards”.  Also receives political and military support from Syria  Officially announced their existence in a letter to the Lebanese press in 1985.

 4 goals:  Israel's final departure from Lebanon as a prelude to its final obliteration  Ending any imperialist power in Lebanon  Bringing the Phalangists to justice for their crimes  giving the people the chance to choose with full freedom the system of government they want.

 1982–2000 -a guerrilla campaign against Israeli forces in Southern Lebanon  ”Operation Accountability”  April operation “Grapes of Wrath”  October 7, 2000, kidnapping and killing of three Israeli soldiers on the Israeli side of the Israeli-Lebanese border

 2006 kidnapping the Israeli soldiers Ehud Goldwasser and Eldad Regev  the second Lebanon war

 Hezbollah became a part of the Lebanese government for the first time on June 13,  Started as only a small militia, it has now grown to an organization with seats in the Lebanese government, a radio and television-stations, and programs for social development.

 reverse acronym of “ ḥ arakat al-ta ḥ rīr al- wa ṭ anī al-filas ṭ īnī (meaning : "Palestinian National Liberation Movement.“)  a major Palestinian political party and the largest faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)  unlike Hamas, Fatah is not currently regarded as a terrorist organization by any government

 founded in 1959 by members of the Palestinian diaspora  The founders included Yasser Arafat who was head of the General Union of Palestinian Students (GUPS) in Cairo University and Salah Khalaf, Khalil al-Wazir, Khaled Yashruti who were leading the GUPS in Beirut

 Palestine is part of the Arab World, and the Palestinian people are part of the Arab Nation  The Palestinian people have an independent identity.  liberating Palestine by a Palestinian armed struggle.

 The two most important decision-making bodies are the Central Committee of Fatah and the Fatah Revolutionary Council.  Fatah joined the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in Founder Yasser Arafat became Chairman of the PLO in 1969  The head of Fatah is Abu Mazen.

 In the 1960’s and the 1970’s, Fatah provided training to a wide range of European, Middle Eastern, Asian, and African militant groups, and carried out numerous attacks against Israeli targets in Western Europe and the Middle East  Fatah received weapons, explosives and training from the USSR, some East European states and China

 Meaning - "enthusiasm“  A Palestinian Sunni-Islamic political party and a military movement in the Gaza Strip and the west bank.  The European Union, the United States, Canada,Israel and Japan classify Hamas as a terrorist organization, while nations such as Russia and Turkey do not.

 Hamas was founded in 1987, during the First Intifada, as an offshoot of the “Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood”.  Founded by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin and Ahmad Taha  1988 manifest: to liberate Palestine from Israeli occupation and to establish an Islamic state in the area that is now Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip

 In more recent years, there have been some statements from a few Hamas leaders, saying that a recognition In an Israeli state is possible in certain terms

 Hamas is built of three wings:  The political wing  The social welfare wing  The military wing - Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades  Forms of action:  Jihad  daawa

 Hamas, headed by Ismail Haniyeh, won the 2006 Palestinian elections, winning 76 of the 132 seats of parliament (to Fatah's 43)  the Hamas victory brought to an end 40 years of PLO domination of Palestinian politics  Today, Hamas govern the Gasa strip while the Palestinian authority is more dominant in the west bank