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Introduction to GPS and GIS II The revolution in geo-location. M. Meyer Bridges To Computing 2011

GPS and GIS Beyond Navigation. Computers allow us to use GPS data in ways that move beyond mere navigation, or establish global location. GIS stands for Geographic Information Systems and covers a wide variety of technologies that allow people to map data collected with GPS coordinates onto maps (using computers). Often data is hard to interpret when it is by itself, but by placing that data on a map, and layering it with other data some patterns are easier to recognize. GIS data can be represented using both raster (bitmap) and vector (mathematical shape) imaging techniques.

GIS – Civic Planning Questions: 1. Using this GIS map, which side of the river would you choose to put a new fire station on? 2. Can you locate an area that has experienced a cluster of fires? 3. What might be there?

GIS – SCIENCE 1 Earthquakes are often the result of continental plates rubbing together. Questions: 1. Based on the earthquakes shown in this GIS picture where do you think this might be happening? 2. Where are the plates? 3. Could you draw them?

GIS – DISASTER PREPAREDNESS If a large hurricane hit New York City it could cause a tidal swell that would raise the sea level in the New York area by 3-5 meters. Question: 1. Based on the picture below who should be evacuated in such an event?

GIS – AQI (AIR QUALITY INDEX) 1 This is a raster image showing the AQI levels for various part of the United States on September 4, The areas that are GREY don't collect AQI data. In general, was it healthy for a person with Asthma to be outside on this day if the lived in central California or central New Jersey?

GIS – AQI (AIR QUALITY INDEX) II There are 3 AQI stations in Brooklyn. Where is your school in this map? Is there a station near your school? Why might the 3 stations be showing different AQI levels?

Forensic Science & GPS GIS – Criminal Forensics Fingerprint mapping was the forensic science breakthrough of the 19th century. Genetic mapping was the forensic science breakthrough of the 20th century. GPS and GIS are the forensic science breakthroughs of the 21st century. CompStat is a technologically advanced systematic approach to fighting crime and managing police personnel and resources. CompStat employs GIS systems (such as ArcGIS, MapInfo Professional, Microsoft MapPoint and even Google Maps) to map crimes and identify problem areas. The system is in use in New York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Chicago, and in Baltimore, Maryland. The system is shown in use on the television show "The Wire" on HBO (called Citistat).

GIS – CRIME DENSITY & RESOURCE ALLOCATION This is a raster image showing 1 years worth of robberies (10/ /96) in the Bronx. The darker the color the higher the number of robberies in that area. Based on this map, where would you deploy extra police officers

GIS – CRIME STATISTICS / PATTERN TRACKING GIS tools can also be used to look at individual crimes to try and identify crime patterns. This map shows 1 weeks worth of crimes in West Los Angeles.

GIS – HELPS CATCH CRIMINALS Patterns of crime can be mapped to try and predict where a criminal might strike again. This is one of the first known examples of GIS assisting in catching a criminal. Known as the "Motorcycle" Bandit the robber chose his targets based on access to major roadways, and escaped on a motorcycle. He was apprehend at arrow.

GIS – 3D CAPABILITIES Modern mapping tools can even show areas in D. Why might this be important?

GIS – 3D CAPABILITIES What additional information can be displayed when 3D images are used?

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