Government Controls the Economy Agency/ LawWhat the regulations did Office of Price Administration (OPA) -fought inflation by freezing wages, prices and rents -rationed foods: meat, butter, cheese, vegetables, sugar, coffee National War Labor Board (NWLB) -limited wage increases -allowed negotiated workers benefits -kept unions stable War Production Board-rationed: fuel, heating oil, metals, rubber and plastics Department of the Treasury -issued war bonds to raise $ for war effort Revenue Act of 1942-raised wealthy American’s income tax rate -added lower/ middle income taxes Smith-Connally Anti- Strike Act (1943) -limited workers rights to strike during war -president had power to control striking plants

Rationing: Consumers were only allowed to purchase a fixed amount of particular goods. The OPA issues rationing coupons; The OPA issues rationing coupons; Consumers faced shortages as a result of the war; Ex. gas, sugar, butter, meat No new cars were produced after :

Rationing Coupons for sugar.

 Propaganda – A biased communication designed to persuade an audience to think or behave in a certain way.  Propaganda is used for a variety of reasons throughout WWII.

Propaganda is used to encourage rationing…

Paying for the War Propaganda is used to encourage people to buy war bonds to pay for the war.

Paying for the War

Propaganda was used for many reasons…

The wartime demand for goods ended the Great Depression and unemployment fell.

General Eisenhower talking with troops before D-Day

 Battle of the Atlantic  Hitler tries to cut off supplies to Britain  U.S. organizes convoys of cargo ships, with navy support, to get supplies safely across the Atlantic  The Eastern Front  Hitler invades the Soviet Union in 1941; ▪ Stopped by cold weather  Battle of Stalingrad (1942) ▪ Stalingrad was a major industrial center; ▪ Luftwaffe bomb, city burns, hand-to-hand combat ▪ Soviets hold out till winter, then counter-attack ▪ Germans surrender Jan – a major turning point in the war

Naval ships and planes gave support to convoys traveling through the Atlantic.

Battle of Stalingrad; 1942

 Stalin pressures FDR/Churchill to open a second front in Western Europe  Instead, Allies invade N. Africa led by Gen. Eisenhower  Afrika Corps, led by Gen. Rommel, surrender May,  Italian Campaign (p. 573), read and answer:  Why do you think FDR/Churchill agreed to only accept unconditional surrender by the Axis powers?  What happened to Mussolini?  Describe what happened at “Bloody Anzio.”

 In 1943, the Allies began making plans to invade France;  Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower commanded the invasion forces;  The Allies choose to strike on the coast of Normandy, in northwestern France

 Code Name: Operation Overlord  June 6, 1944 – U.S., British and Canadian forces storm the beaches of Normandy;  Troops are met with machine guns, rockets and cannon fire;  Heavy losses are sustained;  2,700 American troops lost  Allies retake Paris within a month  Gen. Patton – led army forces  Gen. Omar Bradley– led air forces

 You are a soldier preparing to launch onto the beaches of Normandy.  What are you thinking?  What have you done to prepare?  What fears do you have as you are about to launch?