Forming and Naming Ionic Compounds (Type 1 and 2 Binary Compounds)

Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds have 2 naming patterns: Type 1 binary compounds The metals only have one cation Alkali metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Metals in group 13, 14, 15, 16 A few random transition metals: Zn, Ag (because they only have one charge) Type 2 binary compounds The metals have more than one cation Transition Metals

Cations with only 1 charge Type 1 Ionic Compounds Cations with only 1 charge

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds 4 STEPS FOR BALANCING TYPE 1 BINARY COMPOUNDS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Write the ions with their charge. Both cation and anion Balance the charges Write the neutral compound Use the naming rules listed in the next slide to name the ionic compound.

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Example – Na and S Write the ions with their charges Cation Na is the metal that is found in group 1 Na forms the cation (Na+) Anion S is the nonmetal that is found in group 16 S forms the anion (S-2)

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Balance the charges (Na+) and (S-2), Are they balanced? No! Na is +1 and S is -2 +1-2 = -1 How would you balance them? Multiply (Na+) by 2 (Na+)2 (S-2) Then drop the charges and the parentheses Na2S Write the neutral (balanced) compound Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Mg and Cl Write the ions with their charges (Mg+2) and (Cl-1) Balance the charges (Mg+2) (Cl-1)2 +2 (-1)2 = 0 balanced? Yes! Write the neutral (balanced) compound MgCl2 Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Zn and O Write the ions with their charges (Zn+2) and (O-2) Balance the charges (Zn+2) (O-2) +2 (-2) = 0 balanced? Yes! Write the neutral (balanced) compound ZnO Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Al and S Write the ions with their charges (Al+3) and (S-2) Balance the charges (least common multiple…) (Al+3)2 (S-2)3 (+3)2 + (-2)3 = 0 balanced? Yes! Write the neutral (balanced) compound Al2S3 Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Forming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Write the compound formula for Beryllium sulfide. Is it balanced? Be+2, S-2 YES! BeS

Naming Type 1 Ionic Compounds RULES FOR NAMING TYPE 1 BINARY COMPOUNDS ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The cation is always named first. The anion is always named second. A simple cation takes its name from the name of the element. A simple anion is named by taking the root of the element and adding “-ide”

Naming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Example – Na2S that we formed earlier… Na is the metal that forms the cation (Na+1) S is the nonmetal that forms the anion (S-2) Na is called sodium S is called sulfur, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes sulfide. The name would be Sodium sulfide.

Naming Type 1 Ionic Compounds MgCl2 that we formed earlier… Mg is the metal that forms the cation (Mg+2) Cl is the nonmetal that forms the anion (Cl-) Mg is called magnesium Cl is called chlorine, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes chloride. The name would be Magnesium chloride.

Naming Type 1 Ionic Compounds ZnO that we formed earlier… Zn is the metal that forms the cation (Zn+2) O is the nonmetal that forms the anion (O-2) Zn is called zinc O is called oxygen, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes oxide. The name would be Zinc oxide.

Naming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Al2S3 that we formed earlier… Al is the metal that forms the cation (Al+3) S is the nonmetal that forms the anion (S-2) Al is called aluminum S is called sulfur, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes sulfide. The name would be Aluminum sulfide.

Naming Type 1 Ionic Compounds Name MgO Is it balanced? Mg+2, O-2 YES! Magnesium oxide

Cations with more than 1 charge Type 2 Ionic Compounds Cations with more than 1 charge

Forming Type 2 Ionic Compounds 5 STEPS FOR BALANCING TYPE 2 BINARY COMPOUNDS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Write the cations with their charge. Choose the cation that best balances the charge with the anion. Balance the charges. Write the neutral compound Use the naming rules listed in the next slide to name the ionic compound.

Forming Type 2 Ionic Compounds Example – CuCl Write the cations with their charge. Cation Cu is the metal that is found in the transition metals Cu forms the cations (Cu+1) and (Cu+2) Choose the cation that best balances the charge with the anion for the given compound. Anion Cl is the nonmetal that is found in the halogens (group 17) Cl forms the anion (Cl-1) The cation that best balances the anion (Cl-1) for the given compound would be (Cu+1)

Forming Type 2 Ionic Compounds Balance the charges (Cu+) and (Cl-1), Are they balanced? Yes! Cu is +1 and Cl is -1 +1-1 = 0 Then drop the charges and the parentheses CuCl Write the neutral (balanced) compound Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Forming Type 2 Ionic Compounds Fe2O3 Write the cations with their charge. (Fe+2) and (Fe+3) Choose the cation that best balances the charge with the anion for the given compound. (Fe-3) Balance the charges (least common multiple…) (Fe+3)2 (O-2)3 (+3)2 + (-2)3 = 0 balanced? Yes! Write the neutral (balanced) compound Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Forming Type 2 Ionic Compounds PbCl4 Write the cations with their charge. (Pb+2) and (Pb+4) Choose the cation that best balances the charge with the anion for the given compound. (Pb+4) Balance the charges (least common multiple…) (Pb+4) (Cl-1)4 (+4) + (-1)4 = 0 balanced? Yes! Write the neutral (balanced) compound Use the naming rules to write the name of the compound. This will be done later in the PPT.

Naming Type 2 Ionic Compounds RULES FOR NAMING TYPE 2 BINARY COMPOUNDS ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The cation is always named first. The anion is always named second. A simple cation takes its name from the name of the element. A Roman numeral is used to represent the charge of the cation. It is placed after the cation name. A simple anion is named by taking the root of the element and adding “-ide”

Naming Type 2 Ionic Compounds Example – CuCl that we formed earlier… Cu is the metal that forms the cation (Cu+1) Cl is the nonmetal that forms the anion (Cl-1) (Cu+1) is called Copper (I) Cl is called chlorine, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes chloride. The name would be Copper (I) chloride.

Naming Type 2 Ionic Compounds Example – Fe2O3 that we formed earlier… Fe is the metal that forms the cation (Fe+3) O is the nonmetal that forms the anion (O-2) (Fe+3) is called Iron (III) O is called oxygen, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes oxide. The name would be Iron (III) oxide.

Naming Type 2 Ionic Compounds Example – PbCl4 that we formed earlier… Pb is the metal that forms the cation (Pb+4) Cl is the nonmetal that forms the anion (Cl-1) (Pb+4) is called Lead (IV) Cl is called chloride, but the rule says “take the root of the element name and add “–ide”, so it becomes chloride. The name would be Lead (IV) chloride.