Laboratory Safety Rules DANGER

Wear the right clothing for lab work no dangling jewelry

Chemical Burns Chemical burns on feet. Skin burned by chemicals Flammable ReactiveHealth Special

Basic Safety Rules Use common sense. No unauthorized experiments. No horseplay. Handle chemicals/glassware with respect.

Safety Features of the Lab safety shower fire blanket fire extinguisher eye wash fume hood circuit breaker switch

Safety Equipment Fire Extinguisher Type A Type B Type C Safety Goggles Safety Shower

SAFETY in the Science Classroom Obey the safety contract –Use common sense –No unauthorized experiments –Wear safety glasses –Safety is an attitude! –Don’t take anything out of lab –Read and follow all instructions

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Gives information about a chemical. Lists “Dos” and “Don’ts.”

Chemical Exposure a one-time exposure causes damage acute exposurechronic exposure damage occurs after repeated exposure

How Toxic is “Toxic?” Flammable Explosive Radioactive Corrosive Irritant Toxic –Chronic –Chronic toxicity toxicity: low doses repeated over a long period of time –Acute –Acute toxicity toxicity: immediate effect of a substance as a result of a single dose “Lethal Dose 50%” LD 50 Chemicals may cause harm in many different ways.

the lethal dosage for 50% of animals on which the chemical is tested LD 50 There are various ways an LD 50 can be expressed. For example, acetone has the following LD 50 s: ORL-RAT LD 50 :5,800 mg/kg (orally in a rat) IHL-RAT LD 50 :50,100 mg/m 3 -h (inhaled- rat) SKN-RBT LD 50 :20 g/kg (on skin – rabbit)

Toxicity Which is more toxic? Chemical A: LD 50 = 3.2 mg/kg Chemical B: LD 50 = 48 mg/kg Chemical A is more toxic because less of it proves fatal to half of a given population.

Lead Poisoning LD 50 = mg / kg Effects: slow mental development lack of concentration Small children may accidentally ingest lead-based paints that peel off from window sills and walls.

Knowledge = Safety Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) –Lists hazards, special handling instructions, and risks associated with a material. Supplied by manufacturer. Acute Exposure –Single episode can cause great damage Chronic Exposure –Many episodes over a period of time cause damage Carcinogen – causes cancer Mutagen – causes mutations (genetic defects) Tetragen – causes birth defects Neurotoxin – severely poisonous and toxic

Read chemical labels. Follow the instructions and safety precautions stated on the labels.

If you have a spill on the floor or lab bench, call your teacher rather than trying to clean it up by yourself.

Always report any accident to your teacher immediately. NEVER take any chemicals out of the lab.

Chemistry labs are full of possible hazards and hazardous situations. Make sure your behavior does not make you a hazard to yourself and others in lab. No Rough Housing or Horsing Around will be Tolerated!!