Measurement

Measurement Metric units The fundamental units : length is the meter (m) Mass is the gram (g) Volume is the liter (l) Temperature is degree Kelvin (°K) but Celsius (°C) is more commonly used

Measurement Metric units The metric system is based on the number 10 and therefore a decimal system Prefixes precede the root or main word (gram, liter, meter). The following prefixes are commonly used in science:

Measurement Metric units Examples: A millimeter is about how thick as a toenail. A centimeter is about as thick as a dime. A kilometer is a little more than half of a mile.

Measurement Conversions The base represents gram, liter and meter. ------------------●-------●-------●------●--------●--------●--------------●-----------●---------●-----------●-------●--------●-------●------------*--- Prefix:     Mega                           Kilo      Hecto    Deca       Basic Unit      Deci        Centi      Milli                              Micro Abbrev:      M                                k             h           dc             m, l, g            d              c            m                              mc or  μ

Measurement Conversions Moving to the RIGHT ------increase Moving to the LEFT -------decrease

Measurement Conversions Hint – we are referring to the exponent associated with 10 when we “count” places to move the decimal We are NOT counting actual words listed on the chart

For example if you have 80 hl and you want to convert to cl then you must move 4 spaces to the right. So you move your decimal point 4 spaces to the right. Your answer is 800000 cl

For example if you have 5mg and you want to convert to g then you must move 3 spaces to the left. So you move your decimal point 3 spaces to the left. Your answer is 0.005g

Measurement Length The basic metric unit of length is the meter (m). DIFFERENCES BETWEEN: English units Metric units

Measurement Length

Volume When a figure has three dimensions (length, width, and height) we can find its volume. In the metric system volume can be expressed in terms of liters or cubic centimeters (cm3 or cc)

Volume The meniscus is the curved interface between the water and air. This is due to the surface tension and adhesive forces of water as it interacts with its container.                                                  A: The bottom of a concave meniscus. B: The top of a convex meniscus.

Volume In a laboratory you would work with pipettes: pipette pump or filling device is used to draw and dispense fluids

Volume In a laboratory you would work with Graduated cylinders Erlenmeyer flasks Beakers

Mass Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in an object. It is determined by the molecular structure of the object. Not to be confused with…………..

Mass Weight is a measure of the gravitational pull on an object. It is not the same as mass.

Mass In a laboratory you would work with Triple beam balance / Electronic scale

Scientific Notation Scientific notation uses powers of 10 so very large or small numbers can be expressed concisely.

Scientific Notation The number we use as the base for this system is 10. The exponent is the power of the number and is applied to the base.

For example Write the following large number using Scientific Notation : 146,000,000,000. Step 1 :place the decimal after the first digit and drop all the zeros. 1.46 000,000,000_ Step 2: count the number of places from the decimal to the end of the number. There are 11 places after the decimal point; therefore the exponent is 11. 1.46 X 1011

For example 0.00000123 Step 1: with small numbers you count from the decimal the number of zeroes until you reach the first non-zero number 0.00000123 = 1.23 X10-6

Graphing Data Line graphs have both X axis and Y axis. Each X and Y axis is subdivided into uniform intervals.