BMT Unit I

Careers include:  Pathologist  Medical Technologist (Clinical Laboratory Scientist)  Phlebotomist  Microbiologist  Virologist  Biochemist

Pathologist – MD, examines specimens of body tissue, fluids, and secretions to diagnose diseases Laboratory Technologist (Clinical Lab Scientist) – performs lab testing and analyzes the results using their judgment Phlebotomist – obtain and process blood specimens to aid in he diagnosis and treatment of disease

Clinical Laboratory Scientist at work in the lab

General Information and Careers: - Life scientists or researchers study living organisms and life processes, develop new drugs, methods of treatment, and new methods of environmental protection - Biochemist – analyzes effects of hormones, enzymes, serums, and food on tissue and organs. - Microbiologists/Virologist - Many opportunities in exist in Research & Development in health care

1. Radiography – making films of internal structures by passing radiographs or gamma rays through the body to make images on specially sensitized film 2. Radiologic Technologist (radiographers) – operators of radiographic machinery. Work under the direction of the physician, transfer and position pts and select the proper technique to ensure quality pictures. -Responsibilities include equipment safety, dye administration, sterile technique, and pt record maint. -Radiation exposure prevention – film badge, government restrictions.

Radiologists – Physician, who specializes in testing and treatment using radiographic material, reads and interprets films and gives a final interpretation to the physician

Nuclear medicine Technologists – specialization, using radioactive materials to make diagnostic evaluations and provide therapy. May image areas such as the brain, lungs, and bones.

Ultrasound Technologists (Medical Sonographer) – produce two-dimensional images of internal organs, utilizing sound waves at high frequency

Physicist – assist physician with care of patients and equipment selection using technical, financial, and diagnostic consideration Medical dosimetrist – work with physicist to calculate and plan radiation dosing for patients to treat cancer Echocardiography – using ultrasound to assess the action of the heart

Electrocardiograph Technician (EKG Tech) – attach electrodes to pt to monitor or test the action of the heart

Electroencephalograph technician (EEG tech) – measure the electrical activity of the brain to aide in diagnosis of disorders like seizures

Includes Nutrition Services, environmental engineers, and health and regulatory inspectors

 Provide nutritional counseling  Supervise food operations to meet patient’s needs  Provide health promotion and disease management through diet * Bachelor’s Degree Required

 Plan menus  Supervise production of food  Associate Degree Required

Counsel obese pts using dietary guidelines & activities Specialization of dietician

o Modifies facilities for environmental protection o Monitors pollutants o Monitors insect and rodent populations o Safe disposal of radioactive waste

o Enforce laws and regulations concerning employment hazards

 Plan, develop, and execute environmental health programs  Set and enforce standards concerning food, sewage, and waste disposal  Environmental health specialists

Work with biomedical engineering staff to maintain and service the equipment of the facility Other support service

 Assemble, clean, and store diagnostic and surgical equipment Other support services

∞ Part of the universe, including the air (atmosphere), earth, and water in which living organisms exist

Θ Chain of life Θ Sunlight, H2O, O2, CO2, organic compounds and nutrients found in the ecosystem

 Plants or “producers” on land and in water convert CO2 and other nutrients through photosynthesis, releasing oxygen

 Herbivores, carnivores, and others feed on the producers and each other

 Decomposers, fungi, bacteria, and insects break down dead products and consumers and thereby return their compounds to the ecosystem for re-use

 Federal Agency  Responsible for setting and regulating the standards for the environment

1. Emphysema – can be caused and worsened by air pollution

2. Lead poisoning – results from gasoline additives and paint. Government regulations have reduced amount of lead in paint and gasoline

3. Carbon Monoxide poisoning – comes from car exhaust and can be link to heart disease

4. Lung Cancer – can result from exposure to asbestos fibers, which used to be used in insulation

Thinning of the ozone layer is caused by: car exhaust, aerosol sprays, painting materials THINK ABOUT IT!

Biomedical Technology

 Development of cloning and recombinant DNA techniques of gene manipulation (altering the cells of living things!) What do you think about cloning?

 Strict sterilization  Laminar flow hoods to vent and filter air  Careful planning to ensure all microorganisms are harmless All are safety guidelines established by the National Institutes of Health

Biotechnology rapidly making complex advances

 There are over 1,000 biotech companies in the U.S., most working in diagnostics and therapeutics  About one third of those are in North Carolina!

 Cloning  Eugenics - (selective breeding) includes termination of pregnancy if faulty genes are present

1. Medical biotechnologist – work with the production of antibodies for diagnosis or treatment of disease 2. Research biotechnologist – supervise the work of associates and assistants in industry and health care to find better products and solutions to disorders 3. Forensics - scientific tests or techniques used in the investigation of crimes 4. Geneticist – study patterns of inheritance and develop methods to influence genetic information. May work as counselors for individuals with a family history of genetic abnormalities.

Support personnel: o Biomedical engineer (bioengineers) – design, develop and help maintain instruments and machines that are used to monitor and treat in health care. o Biomedical equipment technician – inspect and adjust the equipment used in health care.