A Nuclear Journey: Challenges and Pitfalls Kirsty Snape / Joanne Sinar Nuclear Decommissioning Authority INLA - October 2014

Introduction  Nuclear material is transported worldwide on a frequent basis  Not just large volumes, nor just fuel cycle related  Key considerations are  safety  whether material is controlled  liability and insurance (particularly if there is an incident)  transit route  We are going to look at a few “nuclear journeys”, considering the routes, the transport options and the factors attaching to each  Workshop Day

Moving material What information should be established?  What form of transport is being used  Domestic / EU / International transit  Facility receiving: is it a nuclear installation (or regulated equivalent)  Type of material being transported  Relevant laws / controls (international instruments, IAEA transport regulations, Euratom, national legislation )

Transport Options Ship Train Roads Contracts are Key

By road Considerations:  Mode of transport  Regulations  Level of hazard  Liability  Packaging  Insurances

By road: insurances  Types of insurance needed by (a) Transporter  Public Liability  Employers Liability  Motor Insurance (b) Dispatching facility  Nuclear Transit Liability  Public Liability  Contracts are Key

By rail - domestic Are there any issues which only affect rail transport?

By rail - domestic (cont.)

Andrew Carr: Sellafield Limited LS3 LS2 LS5 LS4LS1 LS = originating nuclear installation Insurance / Liability implications ? Train with a “mixed load”

By rail – domestic: insurances  Types of insurance needed by (a) Train operator  Rail Freight  Rail Operators Liability  Employers Liability  Public Liability (b) Dispatching facility  Nuclear transit liability  Public Liability

By ship - domestic Domestic waters What insurance / liability considerations exist? Liability: currently £140m in the UK (NIA 1965) provided one dispatching nuclear installation

By ship – domestic: insurances Insurances required:  Hull and Machinery  Protection and Indemnity (P&I)  Nuclear Marine Transit Liability  TP Liability

By ship - International International waters  Within EU  Outside EU What might be different?

By ship - international e.g. between Japan and UK

By ship - international Considerations:  Security  Which route to take and associated insurance/ liability implications (NIA 1965 and Paris Convention and others)  COFS  Contractual responsibilities (Liability / Insurance) for ship owners / cargo owners / security on board

By ship - international Shipping routes between Japan and UK Cape of Good Hope Cape Horn Panama Canal

By ship – international Panama Canal Vessel passes through Panama Canal What are the implications ?

By ship – Panama Canal Considerations : Panama Canal  Indemnity required by Panama Canal Authority (ACP)  Busy Canal – approx $2.4bn revenue p.a.  Is limit on Protection and Indemnity Insurance Policy adequate? Is extra cover required ?  Comply with ACP shipping requirements e.g. Minimum Visibility (tariffs apply)

To research institutions

Movement of radioactive material to research institutions – decision maker

Movement of radioactive material to research institutions – decision maker (contd.)

A Nuclear Journey Thank you!