Famous Scientists and Their Contributions

Gregor Mendel

Facts: Austrian Priest (Monk) Birth 1822-Death 1884 Teacher (Math and Biology) Founder of 3 Mendel’s Laws. 1) Law of Dominance 2) Law of Segregation 3) Law of Independent Assortment. These rules determine how traits are passed through generations of living. His discoveries became the basis for the study of modern genetics. He realized that traits could skip a generation – seemingly lost traits could appear again in another generation – he called these recessive traits. He was known as the Father of Genetics Gregor Mendel – Mini Biography

Robert Hooke

Facts: Lived during the 17 th Century. Lived during the same time as Sir Isaac Newton. Invented Universal Joint, Iris Diaphragm, and the Respirator. Birth1635-Death Devised the Compound Microscope. Hooke coined the term “cells” from cork tissue. Wrote a book called Micrographia. He was the first person to examine fossils with a microscope. He ignited the spark of the Cell Theory, which sates all living things are made of cells. Robert Hooke – Cell Theory Universal Joint Iris Diaphragm

Thomas Hunt Morgan

Facts: He was American. Birth Death He was a Biologist, Geneticist and an Embryologist. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in medicine in 1933 for establishing the chromosomal theory of inheritance, which states that genes are located on the chromosomes. He experimented with Fruit Flies. Mendel’s research was important to his studies. His experiments backed Mendel’s concept that chromosomes carry the traits from parents to offspring – better known as Sex-Linked Traits. Thomas Hunt Morgan -

Watson and Crick

Facts: James D. Watson is an American Molecular Biologist. Watson Birth-1928, He is still living, He is 87 years old. Francis Crick was a British Molecular Biologist. Crick Birth Death – They partnered together in the 1950’s to find the structure of DNA. The made a 3D model of DNA using beads, wire and cardboard. They together won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 for the famous discovery of the DNA Double Helix (which looks like a double staircase.) Rosalind Elsie Franklin actually found it first, but did not realize it. Watson & Crick -

Watson and Crick DNA Double Helix

Rosalind Elise Franklin Facts: English Chemist Born – 1920 – Death 1958 Famous for “Photo 51” this was a photo taken using Xray defraction the structure of DNA. First person to discover DNA Double Helix, but died before she was credited. Rosalind Franklin -