Warm Up (Element or Compound) Identify the following as either an element or a compound: Identify the following as either an element or a compound: Cl 2 CuOO 2 S 8 Na 2 S Cl 2 CuOO 2 S 8 Na 2 S SO 3 P 4 N 2 CO 2 MgF 2 SO 3 P 4 N 2 CO 2 MgF 2

REMINDER! Element: a substance that contains only one type of atom Element: a substance that contains only one type of atom Compound: a substance that is composed of atoms of different elements Compound: a substance that is composed of atoms of different elements NOW RE-CHECK YOUR ANSWERS NOW RE-CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

Warm Up (Element or Compound) Identify the following as either an element or a compound: Identify the following as either an element or a compound: Cl 2 CuOO 2 S 8 Na 2 S Cl 2 CuOO 2 S 8 Na 2 S SO 3 P 4 N 2 CO 2 MgF 2 SO 3 P 4 N 2 CO 2 MgF 2

Chemical Reactions Thousands of reactions But we are only concerned with The “Basic 5 Types”

What is happening in common for all of the following reactions? 2 Na + Cl 2 → 2 NaCl 2 Na + Cl 2 → 2 NaCl N H 2 → 2 NH 3 N H 2 → 2 NH 3 2 Mg + O 2 → 2 MgO 2 Mg + O 2 → 2 MgO C + O 2 → CO 2 C + O 2 → CO 2 P Cl 2 → 4 PCl 3 P Cl 2 → 4 PCl 3

Synthesis Two or more simpler substances come together to form a new substance A+B ABABABAB

Synthesis Always makes one product out of multiple reactants. Always makes one product out of multiple reactants. +

Synthesis When magnesium is burned in the presence of oxygen gas, magnesium oxide is formed. Magnesium + oxygen  magnesium oxide 2Mg + O 2  2MgO

What is happening in common for all of the following reactions? 2 HgO → 2 Hg + O 2 2 HgO → 2 Hg + O 2 2 H 2 O → 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O → 2 H 2 + O 2 2 NaCl → 2 Na + Cl 2 2 NaCl → 2 Na + Cl 2 CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2 CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2 H 2 SO 4 → H 2 O + SO 3 H 2 SO 4 → H 2 O + SO 3

Decomposition A compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances ABABABAB  A+B

Decomposition Always takes one reactant and breaks apart into simpler materials. Always takes one reactant and breaks apart into simpler materials

Decomposition When hydrogen peroxide is in the presence of sodium iodide, it breaks down into water and oxygen gas. (electrolysis of water) 2H 2 O 2  2H 2 O + O 2 Hydrogen peroxide Sodium iodide Water + oxygen

Fe + CuSO 4 → FeSO 4 + Cu Fe + CuSO 4 → FeSO 4 + Cu Cl NaBr → 2 NaCl + Br 2 Cl NaBr → 2 NaCl + Br 2 Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl 2 + H 2 Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl 2 + H 2 Mg + H 2 O → MgO + H 2 Mg + H 2 O → MgO + H 2 What is happening in common for all of the following reactions?

Single replacement One element replaces another element in a compound ABABABAB+C CBCBCBCB+A

Single Replacement A single element replaces a positive or negative ion in a compound. A single element replaces a positive or negative ion in a compound.

Single Replacement When copper reacts with silver nitrate, silver and copper nitrate are produced. Copper + silver nitrate  silver + copper nitrate Cu + AgNO 3  CuNO 3 + Ag ?? Activity series ??

What is happening in common for all of the following reactions? NaCl + AgNO 3 → NaNO 3 + AgCl NaCl + AgNO 3 → NaNO 3 + AgCl BaCl 2 + Na 2 SO 4 → 2 NaCl + BaSO 4 BaCl 2 + Na 2 SO 4 → 2 NaCl + BaSO 4 2 HCl + FeS → FeCl 2 + H 2 S 2 HCl + FeS → FeCl 2 + H 2 S HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O

Double replacement Two ionic compounds in aqueous solution “switch partners” to form at least one new solid, liquid, or gas. ABABABAB+ CDCDCDCD ADADADAD+ CBCBCBCB

Double Replacement The positive ions in two compounds switch places in a reaction & make two new compounds. The positive ions in two compounds switch places in a reaction & make two new compounds. Positive ions

Double Replacement When lead nitrate reacts with potassium iodide, potassium nitrate and lead iodide are produced. Lead(II)nitrate + potassium iodide  potassium nitrate + lead(II)iodide Pb(NO 3 ) 2 + 2KI  2KNO 3 + PbI 2

What is happening in common for all of the following reactions? CH O 2 → CO H 2 O CH O 2 → CO H 2 O 2 C 4 H O 2 → 8 CO H 2 O 2 C 4 H O 2 → 8 CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O O 2 → 6 CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O O 2 → 6 CO H 2 O 2 C 8 H O 2 → 16 CO H 2 O 2 C 8 H O 2 → 16 CO H 2 O C 2 H 5 OH + 3 O 2 → 2 CO H 2 O C 2 H 5 OH + 3 O 2 → 2 CO H 2 O

Combustion Compounds (typically with hydrogen and carbon) are combined with oxygen which then produces carbon dioxide and water CxHyCxHyCxHyCxHy+ O2O2O2O2 CO 2 + H20H20H20H20

Combustion A compound of carbon and hydrogen reacts with oxygen gas and produces carbon dioxide and water ALWAYS!! A compound of carbon and hydrogen reacts with oxygen gas and produces carbon dioxide and water ALWAYS!! + +

Combustion When ethanol reacts with oxygen gas, water and carbon dioxide are produced. ethanol + oxygen  water + carbon dioxide C 2 H 5 OH + 3O 2  3H 2 O + 2CO 2

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Identify the type of reaction: BaCl 2 + Na 2 SO 4 → 2 NaCl + BaSO 4 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single Replacement 4. Double Replacement 5. Combustion

Identify the type of reaction: N H 2 → 2 NH 3 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single Replacement 4. Double Replacement 5. Combustion

Identify the type of reaction: CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single Replacement 4. Double Replacement 5. Combustion

Identify the type of reaction: CH O 2 → CO H 2 O 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single Replacement 4. Double Replacement 5. Combustion

Identify the type of reaction: Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl 2 + H 2 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single Replacement 4. Double Replacement 5. Combustion

Identify the type of reaction: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single Replacement 4. Double Replacement 5. Combustion