Advera® WMA Zeolite WMA Technical Working Group December 12, 2007 Annette Smith PQ Corporation Thank you for inviting to speak with you today regarding warm mix asphalt.

Overview Advera® WMA What is it? Who manufactures and markets? How does it work? Features and Benefits Demonstrations

What is Advera WMA? Synthetic Zeolite Hydrated Aluminosilicate Contains 18-21% water Standard size and quality for consistency. Environmentally and Worker Friendly HMIS/NFPA Code 1, 0, 0 GRAS Advera WMA is an inorganic material, or mineral. The basic raw materials are all based on the elements of the earth. Synthetic nature of the product allows processing to be consistent. It is environmentally friendly. It has a Health, fire and reactivity rating of 1,0,0. The EPA rates this product as GRAS, (Generally Recognized as Safe).

Manufacturing of Advera WMA Manufactured and Marketed in North America by PQ Corporation 176 Year old Global Company with Corporate headquarters in Malvern, PA. World leader in silicate, zeolite and other high performance inorganic chemicals Manufacture Zeolite in three plants in the USA. Jeffersonville, IN; Augusta, GA; and Kansas City, KS Currently owned by the Carlyle Group, Washington DC. PQ Operates 58 facilities in 19 countries with approximately 1800 employees Other high performance chemicals such as magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, hollow and solid glass spheres. One of our divisions, Potters Industries, manufactures reflective beads used for highway stripping. We also manufacture zeolite in Thailand and South Korea.

Advera WMA How does it work? Upon heating above 100 C, water will be emitted from the zeolite structure causing micro-foaming in the asphalt concrete. Controlled foaming - No visual change in the asphalt concrete No mix design changes are required Improves Workability, and thus compaction for overall improvement in density. How does Advera WMA work? As I mentioned 18-21% water is entrapped in the crystalline structure. With increased energy, in the form of heat, the water is given off and micro-foaming occurs. Since the material is synthetic, good consistency. ~100 C = 212F Since there is no chemical alteration of the bitumen, no mix design change needed. Also, due to the small amount of material added, any change in gradation or bitumen content in well within the current mix designs.

Advera WMA How does it work? Zeolite 4A. This slides shows the shape of the sodium aluminosilicate crystal, the 4 Angstrom diameter of the pore. This is large enough for water molecules to be structurally bound. Upon heating the water is emitted. This causes micro-foaming of the asphalt, or oil.

Time Release of Water DSC/TGA test run by Texas A&M Differential Scanning Calorimeter/Thermo graphic Analyzer (DSA/TGA) shows the amount of water released by the zeolite at a target temperature of 120 F. There is a rapid ramp rate (15C/minute) followed by an isotherm at the target temperature. It takes about 40 minutes to reach equilibrium which is 15% moisture loss for the 70 minute test. If this were to go longer, more moisture would be lost as the water content is 18-21% water. This test was run on the powder, if run with asphalt binder, the time duration is likely to increase allowing longer workability. DSC/TGA test run by Texas A&M

Advera WMA Added to Asphalt Concrete at a rate of 0.25% by weight of the mix. (5 lbs/ton) Available in Bulk Bags, Bulk Trucks, or Rail Release of water from the zeolite is very slight – only about 1 lb of water per ton of asphalt concrete. Or less than 0.05% on the mix.

Since the zeolite does not change the chemistry of the bitumen, we look at torque as a preferred measure of workability versus viscosity reduction like some of the other warm mix technologies.

Advera WMA How is it introduced? Drum plants, through a fiber port. The powder is pneumatically blown into the drum plant through a fiber port into the bitumen stream. The feeder can be run manually or slaved to the asphalt plant control system. It uses a loss in weight feeder so that feed rate is tied to the plant speed, and thus has very good accuracy. In a batch plant the material is added at the site of the pug mill. This can be done either manually via melt bags (for small demos), or by pre-blending with the oil for larger demonstrations and commercial runs. We are in the process of engineering an improved design for batch plants.

Advera WMA Bulk Bag Unloader Silo There is a bulk bag handling system on the feeder for demonstrations. When the technology is used in long commercial runs, a silo set up would be recommended. We have an engineering team with can help the asphalt suppliers with design and implementation.

Advera WMA Features & Benefits Better Workability of the Asphalt Mix Allows Longer Haul Times Extension of the Paving Season Easier Handling of Stiff Mixes such as Polymer Modified, Rubber Asphalt Binder and high RAP Content. The better workability of the wma gives a wider window for placement. This can allow for longer haul times and/or extension of the paving season. If density bonuses are available, warm mix should allow to obtain these bonuses more easily especially with stiff mixes, such as polymer modified mixes, asphalt rubber binder, or those containing higher levels of RAP.

Advera WMA Features & Benefits Reduction in Production Temperatures Reduces Emissions Reduce Blue Smoke complaints Reduce Recordable Emissions Increase in the tonnage through the plant. Reduction in Production Temperatures Reduces Energy Consumption Depending on mix it may be possible to save up to 30% on energy costs. Reduced Temperatures reduces the Emissions. This is not only blue smoke (which can be a particular problem with asphalt rubber binder), but can also reduce recordable emissions. Reduced temperatures can also reduce energy consumption. This will be dependent on a variety of variables such as aggregate size, moisture in the aggregate, hot mix temperatures, but can be as much as 30%.

Advera WMA Features & Benefits Reduction in Temperature at the Paver Reduction in Fumes for the Paving Crew Reduction of Heat on already hot days. Lower temperatures not only reduce emissions during production, but also at placement. This reduces fumes which work crew breathes. It also reduces the heat of the mat which can be difficult for those on the screed to bear on hot days. In addition the cooler mat allows for cooler environment and fumes - particularly noticeable in contained areas such as a city environment.

Advera® WMA 2007 Demonstrations California - HVS Test Site – 150 tons Colorado - Eisenhower Tunnel – 1,200 tons - Commercial – 2,000 tons Tennessee – Hillsboro Pike -1,200 tons Vermont – City Street – 450 Tons Wisconsin – Miller Park – 4,500 tons Wyoming - Yellowstone NP Entrance Rd – 9,000 Tons This is a listing of some of our demonstrations for 2007.

Questions?