Innovations in natural fertilizers in agriculture Jaap Uenk, chairman Section manure distribution CUMELA

CUMELA NEDERLAND Interest Group of companies Companies are farm contractors, companies for land development (infrastructure) and distribution of manure Located for 90% in the rural area, employees Average annual turnover € 1,3 miljoen / company

Key figures Netherlands 16,6 million inhabitants 1,85 million ha agricultural area ha grass-land; ha silage maize ha arable land Of which ha cereals With average yield of kg wheat per ha

Key figures live stock production 2,4 million cattle, 12,2 million pigs, 85 million poultry Production 73 million ton manure; 20 million surplus Destinations for the manure surplus:  15,6 million ton transported to other farms as fertilizer  2,0 million ton to treatment facilities of manure  2,4 million ton for export (Germany, France)

Innovations in manure distribution Specialized companies with trailers and tank-cars for long distance transport of manure to cropfarmers Storage facilities at the farms of crop farmers Manure spreading equipment with injection of manure Tracking and tracing the transports of manure, Sampling and analysing the manure per transport

Long distance transport of liquid manure

Unloading liquid manure into a container

Injection of liquid manure No smell No emissions of ammonia No losses of minerals (N) Precisely farming (fertilizing) Maximum profit of the minerals in manure Saving costs for chemical fertilizers

Manure injection in arable land

Loading of manure out of the container

Specialized equipment

Protection the structure of the soil

Spreading out of solid manure

Development use of chemical fertilizers NL Period, million kg NP₂O₅K₂OTotal 1984/ / / Reduction 25 years - 53%- 72%- 70%- 58%

Mineral value of 24 t pig manure per ha (170 kg N) Mineralskg/haWC %HUF/kgTotal HUF / ha Nitrogen (N) Phosphate (P₂O₅) Potassium (K₂O) Magnesia (MgO) Total Total in € / ha 342

Advantages natural fertilizers Organic matter for better soil structure More biological soil activity Better quality crops and higher yields Reduce of chemical fertilizers and costs For Dutch crop farmers also the price: “for free”

New natural fertilizers for export DimensionManure pellets Struvite (vegetable) Dry matter%9045 Organic matter%650 Nitrogen (N)Kg/ton4022 Phosphate (P₂O₅)Kg/ton30126 Potassium (K₂O)Kg/ton270 Magnesia (MgO)Kg/ton1175

Possibilities for cooperation New natural fertilizers are avaiable for Hungarian market Hungary is big country of crop farmers (cereals) Netherlands is big market for cereals for feed production Shortage of imported non-genetical manipulated cereals in the EU Business of substainable recycling of fertilizers and raw material feed

Thanks for your attention Jaap Uenk, CUMELA Nederland Owner/director DOFCO BV,