CHAPTER 3 : MATTER MATTER 1.All thing on earth are matter 2. Matter exists in the three states : i. solidii. liquidiii. Gas 3.Matter made up of particles 4.The arrangement and movement of particles in solid, liquid, and gas are different. 5.Matter has mass and occupy space DAYDATE

Test PMR 09

DAYDATE Activity 3.1 Matter has mass A Apparatus Beakers, triple-beam balance, stick, string, tape, needle, balloons, soil, water and fresh spinach stick, string balloons tape needle P Q Q P ab Prosedure 1.Set up the apparatus as shown in figure 2.Prick balloon Q with needle on the tape. i. What do you observe? ii. Which balloon is heavier? iii. Does air have mass?

PKBS

METAL expand DISTANCE between particles Expand/increase PARTICLES expand

DAYDATE 2.a. Weight the beaker by using a triple-beam balance. Record its mass b. Fill the beaker with soil i. What do you observe? ii. Does soil have mass? c. Repeat the above steps by replacing the soil with water i. Does water have mass? ii. Do living things have mass B Matter occupies space ApparatusBeakers, balloon, soil, water and fresh spinach procedure 1.Blow a balloon continuously i. What do you observe? ii. Does air occupy space? 2.Pour water into an empty beaker continuously i. What do you observe ii. Does the water fill up the beaker? iii. Does the water occupy space? 3.Put soil into a empty beaker continuously i. What do you observe? ii. Does the soil fill up the beaker? iii. Does soil occupy space 4. a. Fill a beaker full with water. b. Put some fresh spinach into the beaker i. Does the water overflow? ii.Do living thing occupy space?

The three state of matter 1.Matter exist in three states : solid, liquid, and gas a. solid b. liquidc. gas 2.Particles in solid are close together, fix position,cannot move and vibrate 3. Particles in liquid are close together and can move freely 4.Particles in gases are far and can move freely

PMR 2012

Soalan exam radiator

PMR 2005

DAYDATE Activity 3.3 A Arrangement of particles Procedure 1.Fill two plastic bottles with water 2. Put one into a freezer without closing the cap. Take out when the water become ice 3.Compress the bottle with ice, with water and with air as shown in figure 3.2 i. Which one easiest to compress ? ii. Which one hardest to compress? iii. Discuss the arrangement of particles in solid, liquid and gases B Movement of particles Procedure 1.Place a wooden block on a brick i. What do you observe after one day? 2.Add a few drop blue colour to the bottom of a test tube i. What do you observe after one day? Take the top off bottle of perfume in the classroom i. How long does it take for a student to smell the perfume? ii. What can you say about the movement of particles in solid, liquid and gases? Refer to the course ware

DENSITY 1cm iron cube 1 cm wooden cube 3 3 Figure Figure 3.10 shows that 1cm iron cube is heavier than a 1 cm wooden cube 2.The mass iron cube is higher than the mass wooden cube.This is because they have different densities. 3. Different substance have different densities. Here are the densities of some common substance substance Density g/cm3 Air Oil0.7 Wood0.8 glass2.5 Water1.0 iron7.9 Mercury13.6 gold19.3

Liquid to solid - freezing M D = V __ Contoh: 0.5 g 0.5cm = 1 g/cmDensity Density = Jika: 0.5 g 1 cm = 0.5 g/cmDensity Density = Fikir tentang `Volume’ Volume expand during freezing. on cooling 4° C – volume of water contract Below 4° C – volume of water expa nd Freezing point: 1. Water 0° C 2.Nafthelene - 80 ⁰ C 3.Nitrogen – 210° C Float (less density than water)

Akhir tahun 2011

DAYDATE 3.3 The concept of density density = Mass Volume The unit for density is g/cm 3 Activity 3.5Measuring the density of regular shaped and irregular shape Apparatus Wooden block, brick, small stone, cork, meter rule, measuring cylinder, triple beam balance A Regular shape object Procedure 1.Measure the mass of wooden block 2.Measure the length (l), Width (w) and height (h) 3.Repeat the procedure for the brick 4.Record all your measurement and calculate the density each object ObjectLength (l) cm Width (W) cm Height (h) cm Mass (g) Volume (cm ) = l x w x h = l x w x h Density (g/cm ) mass mass Wooden Brick 3 3 l h w Volume =

PMR 2012

DAYDATE B Irregular- shaped object Procedure 1.Measure the mass a small stone 2. Measure the volume small stone by using the water displacement method 3. Record your result and calculate the density the small stone The mass small stone=…………………g The volume of water =……………..ml The volume of water + small stone =…………ml The volume of water displacement =…………..ml The volume of the small stone =……………ml The density of the small stone = mass volume 4. Measure the mass of a cork 5. Measure the volume of the cork by using the water displacement a. Tie the cork and the small stone and record the volume of water in measuring cylinder b. Lower the stone into water and the cork totally above the water. Record the volume water c. lower the stone until the cork totally under the water. Record the volume of the water 6.Record all measurement and calculate the density of the cork The mass of cork =……..g The volume of water =………….ml The volume of water + small stone =……….ml The volume of water + small stone + cork =………….ml The volume of water displacement by the cork =………….ml The volume of the cork =…………..cm The density of the cork = 3 mass volume

DAYDATE Why do some objects and liquids float? water honey Cooking oil ice water stone a. Ice float in water because it is less dense than water b. i. Oil float in water because it is less dense than water ii. Water float in honey because it is less dense than honey c. Stone sink in water because it is denser than water Exercise in book page 13 and 14

EXPERIMENT - Hot water and cold water Hot water Cold water A B

The uses of the concept of density 1. Logs and river – Logs are less dense than the water 2. A hot balloon – When the air in balloon is heated by a burner, the air in balloon become less dense than surrounding cool air. This enable the hot air balloon float in the air 3. Ship- A ship is usually made of iron. Iron dense than water. Why the ship not sink in water? The ship contains a large volume of air. The overall density of ship is less dense than sea water 4. A submarine- i. When the ballast tanks is empty, the density is less then of sea water. Submarine float ii. When water is pumped into the ballast. The density submarine dense than sea water and it sink. Ballast empty Ballast tank is full

Kelantan 2011

DAYDATE Concept of floating and sinking as related to density Apparatus Scissors, plastic, bottle, rubber tube, blade, plasticine and a basin Procedure 1.Cut four rectangle hole on the plastic bottle as shown in figure 3.16(a) 2. On the other side, make a hole which is large enough to insert the rubber tube figure 3.16(b) 3. Insert the rubber tube into the bottle through the hole figure 3.16© 4. Balance the bottle by sticking plasticine on its neck and bottom 5. Put the bottle into a basin containing water. Let the water flow into the bottle through hole i. What do you observe? 6.Blow air into the bottle through the rubber tube figure 3.16(d) i. What do you observe? ii. Use this concept to explain how a submarine work? Figure 3.16a Figure 3.16b Figure 3.16c Figure 3.16d

Penutup 2. Tasbih Kifarah. 1. Baca Surah Al-`Ashr