AUTOSHOP TOOLS

TOOLS- What brand should I buy?

Tool Material- high strength alloy steel, should be light and easy to use in tight quarters, not a bulky tool, slim and properly designed for your hand.

Quality Tools are heated treated. Machine to a close tolerance. A 3/4 opening is a 3/4. Sharp edges are removed. Tools are polished Good lifetime guarantee.

In buying tools you get what you pay for

Tips to Remember 1. KEEP YOUR TOOLS CLEAN 2. Separate cutting tools 3. Lightly oil any tool that might rust 4. Delicate measuring tools- keep in protective containers, such as micrometers etc. 5. Mark your tools with Drivers license. Put Name & license Number on all tools

Major brands of Quality hand tools: Snap On, Craftsman, S-K Wayne, Matco, Mac, Proto, Master Mechanic

When working in the shop Always wear safety glasses or a full face shield                    

Screw drivers Flat blade - conventional - blade should fit slot snug and be the same width

Screw drivers Phillips # 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

Screw drivers Reed and Prince clutch

Screw drivers Pozidrive Allen or Hex tip

Screw drivers Scurlox or Square Drive Torx

Screw drivers Tamper Proof Torx

Screw drivers Tamper Proof Allen

Screw drivers Offset

Screw drivers Screwdrivers are classed in size of shank such as 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, and length of shank such as 2", 4", 6". Some manufactures take length of shank and handle. Normally just the shank is measured.

Stubby Screw drivers Handles come in different shapes to get better torque on screw

Screw drivers Some shanks are square so you may apply a wrench Don't misuse you screwdrivers by prying and beating on them If you must, have a couple of old beat up ones in your tool box If holding small object in hand do not run screwdriver through hand Screwdriver handles are not insulated

Pliers Combination slip joint pliers Diagonal side cutters

Pliers Needle nose Channel lock or Arc joint (Sears) Snap-on calls them Adjustable Joint

Pliers Linesmen

Pliers Locking Pliers or Vise grips (Brand Name) Needle nose Locking Pliers Lock ring

Pliers Locking C-Clamp

Pliers Snap ring - internal external

Pliers Spark Plug boot pliers

Pliers Brake pliers Hose clamp pliers

Pliers Robo Grip

Pliers Pinch off hose pliers

Pliers Battery pliers

Pliers Battery spreaders

Pliers Wire Strippers and Crimpers

Hose Grip Pliers

Punches & Chisels

Punches Aligning punch sometimes called a Long Taper or Line up Center punch - use before drilling or to mark metal

Punches Starting punch has a short tapered end Drift or Pin punch same size shaft

Punches To sharpen or true Punches and chisels: Hold at proper angles and dip often in water, DO NOT let them turn blue

Punch and Chisel Holder Use this so you don’t hit your hand. It does not feel good. Thanks Sears for the picture

Brass Drift Punch Set

Chisels Flat Cold chisel: most common, safety glasses should be worn, make sure cutting edge is sharp. Striking surface or top of chisel should not be mushroomed, it should be smooth with a slight taper.

Mushroomed chisels

Hammers Claw Hammer - this is Auto shop not Wood shop

Hammers - Dead blow Dead blow - shot filled, plastic coating

Hammers - Ball Peen Ball Peen - most common General purpose head may weigh 4 oz to several lbs

Hammers - Rubber Mallet

Hammers Plastic Tipped - with replaceable tips Brass Hammer

Tips on Hammer use 1. Strike face of hammer head squarely 2. Make sure head is secure on hammer handle (Hammer Head is wedged on in both directions) 3. Never swing hammer in the direction that someone is standing 4. Keep handle clean and dry, is handle cracked or broken. 5. Use the proper size hammer for the job.

Wrenches Wrenches are a way to remove and replace bolts etc but they are slow use as a last resort you should use air tools or ratchets if at all possible (Remember, pull with a wrench you have better control, if you do push, push with palm open.)

open end size is determined by width of opening, end is usually offset 15 degrees, each end is a different size

Box end Wrench End is totally enclosed in 6 or 12 point openings. Can be double offset or box offset 15 degrees for clearance for hand. Comes in different lengths, each end is a different size, good wrench for breaking loose tight bolts

Offset Box end Wrench Thanks Sears for the picture

Combination Wrench One end open, one end boxed both the same size can be different lengths

Combination & Box End Wrench Boxed ends can be either 6 or 12 point.

Tubing Wrench - flare nut Box type wrench with section cut away. One end sometimes might be open like a combination wrench. Make sure you buy 6pt. – (12pt. are no good they will slip)

Ratcheting Wrenches Box end GearWrench® Combination Wrench GearWrench Flex Head Ratcheting Wrench

Ratcheting Wrenches Half Moon Reversible GearWrench®                                  S Reversible GearWrench Ratcheting Wrench Half Moon Reversible GearWrench®

Adjustable open end Wrench Not a replacement for all other wrenches, discuss proper use, tends to slip. Adjust jaws firmly. Try to always use the correct size wrench. Should only put pressure on the fixed jaw. Also know as a Crescent Wrench.

Adjustable open end Wrench

Ignition Wrench one end open, one end boxed or both ends open different size at each end

Distributor wrenches

Sockets Sockets come in many sizes with different openings. 6 pt. & 12 pt. Are the most common 8 pt or double square are used on square nuts. Square (4 sided) sockets are also used in special applications 6 point 8 point 12 point

Drive size common to Automotive are 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4 - square hole

Sockets Shallow or Regular size chrome and Impact deep sockets chrome and Impact

Swivel Sockets Swivel sockets Regular Impact The socket is attached to the Universal joint Swivel sockets Regular Impact

Sockets extensions universal joint – No socket attached Impact Standard

Crowfoot Sockets crowfoot Crowfoot Flare Nut

Torque Stix Used to torque down lug nuts to the proper torque when using a impact wrench. The larger the shaft the more torque it will carry.

Torque Stix Look up on the chart for your make and model or if you know the torque look on the chart and find the right torque stix

ratchet - short and long Socket handles ½ inch Ratchet ½ inch Long Handle Ratchet ratchet - short and long Swivel Ratchet

Socket handles speed handle - and swivel speed handle flex handle or breaker bar long and short sliding T bar

Socket handles Nutdrivers

Socket handles Spinner Handle Need to add a socket

Torque wrenches beam Dial type sometimes referred to as a Micrometer type

Torque wrenches Digital Click style

Torque wrenches Split beam torque wrench Do not torque left hand bolts with this one

Torque wrenches Come in inch lbs and foot lbs Always look up tightening sequence Always look up the amount of Torque If large number divide the torque into smaller amounts and torque in steps. Pull with a steady pull, do not jerk Make sure threads are clean Remember that it takes more force to start a fastener then to keep it turning.

Hack saws Used to cut metal Blade length 8, 10, 12, Semi-flexible blades, High speed blades.

Hack saws Close quarter Hack saw

Hack saws Blades Teeth per inch (T.P.I.) Need at least two teeth on metal 14 T.P.I. Large pieces of soft steel 18 T.P.I Large pieces of hard tool steel 24 T.P.I. Cooper brass, Light angle Iron Tubing, sheet metal 32 T.P.I. Thin sheet metal and thin tubing Teeth on hack saw go forward Learn how to properly hold the hacksaw

Hack saws Blades

Hole saw Used to cut round holes in thin metal or wood or plastic

Files Single cut - Smooth - fine work Double cut - coarse, for faster cut Bastard - real coarse The number of cuts and the size of the cuts determines the coarseness of the file

Files Single cut - rows of teeth run in one direction Double cut - teeth run at an angle to each other

Shapes of files flat, square, round or rat tail, half round, knife edge, 3-square or triangular, point file

Files Use a coarse file for soft metal, it prevents clogging Use a file card or wire brush to clean a file Use chalk to get rid of oil on a file Always use a file handle File Card

Rotary files good for blind holes where a lot of material must be removed wear safety glasses

Gasket Scrapers/Cleanup tools putty knifes Gasket scrapers razor blades (not shown)

Pick up tools Heavy duty Flexible Fingers Telescoping Telescoping Magnetic Pick up tool Telescoping Magnet Flexible Fingers Pick up tool

Tin snips / Straight Tinner Snips

Offset model aviation snips Left cut model - for cutting straight and tight left curves Right cut model - for cutting straight and tight right curves Straight cut model - for cutting straight and mild curves both left and right

Telescoping Rectangle Inspection Mirror /and other shapes

Tri-Square

Combination Square

Twist Drills Fractional inch size 1/16,1/4, 3/8, 7/16, ½ Letter Size A-Z Number Size 1-80 Left hand drill bits cut when going in Reverse

Twist Drills

Twist Drills

Twist Drills Shanks - straight - turned down - tapered Types of materials - carbon steel – Cheap drill bit - high speed steel (HSS) better - Titanium & Cobalt best Twist Drill must be sharp

Drills Common sizes 1/4, 3/8, ½ refers to size of chuck or how big of drill bit it will hold. Center punch your work, use cutting oil except on sheet metal and cast iron. Corded and cordless Some have keyless chucks

Close Quarter Drill, Variable Speed Drills

Drills Keyless chuck

Safety Hints 1. Firm grip on the drill 2. Unplug drill before removing or installing drill bit 3. Don't wear loose clothing 4. Secure the work firmly 5. Wear safety glasses 6. Make sure drill is properly grounded 7. Do not stand on wet surface when using power tools

Reamers Used to enlarge or shape holes not for deep cuts only a few thousandths of an inch at a time.

Types of Reamers Adjustable Adjustable with pilot Solid - for king pin or valve guides Hand use only - not for power tools

Tap & Dies Taps are used to cut internal threads

Types of taps Taper - first 6-8 threads are Chamfered Plug - first 3-5 threads are Chamfered Bottoming have threads all the way to the Bottom - Does not start well

taps

Know these terms Tap drill drill bit that drills a hole for proper amount of threads when using a tap. Clearance Drill drill bit that will drill a hole the size needed to insert bolt with out threading it.

Refer to the tap drill size chart Tap wrench Die Stock

Dies Dies are used to cut external threads on stock or bolts

Finding the right size Tap or Die Use a Thread pitch gauge National Coarse National Fine NC NF ½ x 13 ½ x 20 ½ size of bolt 13 teeth per inch 20 teeth per inch

Thread pitch gauge Used to find how many threads in an inch come in metric and standard

Metric Bolts 10mm x 1.50 x 60mm 10mm size of bolt 1.50 pitch of thread 60mm length of the bolt in millimeters Be careful of some, cannot tell apart by naked eye without thread pitch gauge might screw on each other but hard, will strip out the bolt or nut. The head of the bolt should have a number on it like 4.8, 8.8 helps you to identify metric bolts.

Tap and Die rules Use cutting oil when using Taps and Dies Keep Tap square with hole Keep backing off Tap to break chips off (1 turn in 1/2 turn back Keep Taps and Dies clean and lightly oiled Keep Taps in storage box separate from others so you will not damage the cutting edge Make sure all the tools are in the box when you return it to the tool room

Thread chasers and rethreading dies can be used only to repair damaged threads

Screw Extractors For removing broken screws and studs first center punch broken bolt, lube with W.D. 40 to loosen bolt, drill out with largest size drill with out damaging threads all the way through, then insert screw extractor square shank - hit with hammer spiral - will twist in and grab

Thread repair Heli Coil EZ-LOK

Solder Guns

Soldering If solder gun does not work do these three things 1. Tighten the nuts, the screw or allen set screw on the soldering tip. (do not over tighten as it gets hot then cold it will expand then contract these will always come lose) 2. Clean and sand the tip of the solder gun 3. Tin the tip of the solder gun

Solder Guns

Types of Solder Rosin core – electrical work - wiring The rosin is flux, which cleans as you solder. 50/50 50% tin 50% Lead melts at 425 degs 60/40 60% tin 40% Lead melts at 425 degs 63/37 63% tin 37% Lead melts at 425 degs Acid core - radiators

Pullers Two jaw Three jaw

Pullers Steering wheel Harmonic balance puller

Pullers Slide hammer and attachments

Hones wheel cylinder (Drum Brake) disc brake caliper glaze breaker cylinder hone

Ring Compressor ring compressors

Ring Expander ring expanders

valve spring compressors

Brake spoon & Spanner wrench

Bushing driver & Bearing Packer bushing drivers bearing packer

Grease Gun Grease Gun

Seal Puller & Installer Seal pullers Seal installers

Hand Impact Used to remove stubborn screws insert right size bit turn in direction you want to go and strike with a hammer.

Measuring tools feeler gauge - flat round or wire

Measuring tools Feeler gauge flat & round

Measuring tools Calipers Outside inside dial

Measuring tools Dial indicator Straight edge - .003 max (not shown) Telescoping gauge Small hole gauge

Micrometer name of parts reading mikes Inside micrometer See power point on micrometers

Test Light Use to test for power

The End for now Thanks to Sears, Grainger KD Tools and Goodheart- Willcox for some of the pictures