Lesson Objectives 1) Re-Cap on last lesson 2) Evidence 3) Identifying the evidence supporting the Big Bang theory

Recap Big Bang Singularity How can the universe be compared to a sandwich? Age of the Universe What happened following the Big Bang?

Balloon activity

Has the Big Bang theory always been accepted? Three conflicting Theory's The Steady State Theory vs The Big Bang Theory vs Religion

Steady state vs Big Bang

Steady State Theory Proposed in 1948, by Fred Hoyle There was no beginning to the universe, it always existed Galaxies are continually moving away from each other In extra space left between the galaxies, new stars and galaxies are created These new stars and galaxies replace those that move away so that the universe always looks the same

Evidence Supporting Big Bang big-bang/

Evidence Supporting Big Bang 1.Red Shift 2.Microwave background 3.Mixture of elements

Doppler effect The Change of pitch that results from a source of sound approaching or moving away.

Edwin Hubble b Suggested that the universe is expanding Numerous distant, faint clouds of light in the universe were actually entire galaxies—much like our own Milky Way In 1929, Hubble determined that the farther a galaxy is from Earth, the faster it appears to move away He used the principles of the Doppler effect / The Red Shift to explain how stars are constantly moving away from one another

Red Shift Red light is like low frequency and long wave lengths seen in the Doppler effect Blue light is similar to high frequency and short wavelengths

Microwave Radiation IN 1964 two scientists (Arno Penzias & Robert Wilson) accidently heard the Big Bang!! They were working on a large communications tower and were troubled by a persistent hiss

At the same time George Gamow postulated that if you look into deep space you can see left over cosmic background radiation So, by accident Penzias and Wilson could ‘see’ the first photons, the most ancient light in the universe (microwaves)

The Elements The amounts of Hydrogen (H), Helium (He) in the universe support the Big Bang Theory Early in the Big Bang there was only Hydrogen compressed, with high heat. The universe was like the core of a star The ratios of H and He exactly match what you would expect if the universe had once been a really big star

Albert Einstein b E = mc² E = energy in joules M = mass in kilograms C = Light in meters per second

Activity 5 questions from video What does Eisenstein's famous equation have to do with the Big Bang theory? How did steady state theory explain that the universe was expanding, yet remained the same List, and explaine three major pieces of evidence that supported the Big bang theory

Glossary of Terms Microwave Radiation The Doppler Effect Steady State Theory The Red Shift Edwin Hubble